Mastering NGINX - Second Edition电子书

Mastering NGINX - Second Edition

Table of Contents

Mastering NGINX - Second Edition

Credits

About the Author

About the Reviewer

www.PacktPub.com

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Why subscribe?

Preface

What this book covers

What you need for this book

Who this book is for

Conventions

Reader feedback

Customer support

Downloading the example code

Downloading the color images of this book

Errata

Piracy

Questions

1. Installing NGINX and Third-Party Modules

Installing NGINX using a package manager

Installing NGINX on CentOS

Installing NGINX on Debian

Installing NGINX from source

Preparing a build environment

Compiling from source

Table – Common configure options

Table – Configure options for optimization

Configuring for web or mail service

Configure options for a mail proxy

Table: Mail configure options

Configure options to specify paths

Table – HTTP configuration options

Configuring SSL support

Enabling various modules

Table – HTTP module configure options

Disabling unused modules

Table – Disable configure options

Finding and installing third-party modules

Adding support for Lua

Putting it all together

Summary

2. A Configuration Guide

The basic configuration format

NGINX global configuration parameters

Using the include files

The HTTP server section

Client directives

File I/O directives

Hash directives

Socket directives

Sample configuration

The virtual server section

Locations – where, when, and how

Full sample configuration

Summary

3. Using the mail Module

Basic proxy service

The mail server configuration section

POP3 service

IMAP service

SMTP service

Using SSL/TLS

Complete mail example

Authentication service

Combining with memcached

Interpreting log files

Operating system limits

Summary

4. NGINX as a Reverse Proxy

Introducing reverse proxying

The proxy module

Legacy servers with cookies

The upstream module

Keepalive connections

Types of upstream servers

Single upstream server

Multiple upstream servers

Non-HTTP upstream servers

Memcached upstream servers

FastCGI upstream servers

SCGI upstream servers

The uWSGI upstream servers

Load-balancing

Load-balancing algorithms

Converting an if-fy configuration to a more modern interpretation

Using error documents to handle upstream problems

Determining the client's real IP address

Summary

5. Reverse Proxy Advanced Topics

Security through separation

Encrypting traffic with SSL

Authenticating clients using SSL

Blocking traffic based on originating IP address

Isolating application components for scalability

Reverse proxy performance tuning

Buffering data

Caching data

Storing data

Compressing data

Summary

6. The NGINX HTTP Server

NGINX's architecture

The HTTP core module

The server directive

Logging in NGINX

Finding files

Name resolution

Interacting with the client

Using limits to prevent abuse

Restricting access

Streaming media files

Predefined variables

SPDY and HTTP/2

Using NGINX with PHP-FPM

An example Drupal configuration

Wiring NGINX and uWSGI together

An example Django configuration

Summary

7. NGINX for the Application Developer

Caching integration

No application caching

Caching in the database

Caching in the filesystem

Changing content on-the-fly

Using the addition module

The sub module

The xslt module

Using Server Side Includes

Decision-making in NGINX

Creating a secure link

Generating images

Tracking website visitors

Preventing inadvertent code execution

Summary

8. Integrating Lua with NGINX

The ngx_lua module

Integrating with Lua

Logging with Lua

Summary

9. Troubleshooting Techniques

Analyzing log files

The formats of the error_log file

Error log file entry examples

Configuring advanced logging

Debug logging

Switching binaries at runtime

Using access logs for debugging

Common configuration errors

Using if instead of try_files

Using if as a hostname switch

Not using the server context to best effect

Operating system limits

File descriptor limits

Network limits

Performance problems

Using the Stub Status module

Summary

A. Directive Reference

B. The Rewrite Rule Guide

Introducing the rewrite module

Creating new rewrite rules

Translating from Apache

Rule #1 – Replacing directory and file existence checks with try_files

Rule #2 – Replacing matches against REQUEST_URI with a location

Rule #3 – Replacing matches against HTTP_HOST with a server

Rule #4 – Replacing RewriteCond with if for variable checks

Summary

C. The NGINX Community

NGINX Plus

Mailing list

IRC channel

Web resources

Writing a good bug report

Summary

D. Persisting Solaris Network Tunings

Index