Mastering Ansible电子书

Mastering Ansible Third Edition

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Preface

Who this book is for

What this book covers

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Code in Action

Conventions used

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Section 1: Ansible Overview and Fundamentals

The System Architecture and Design of Ansible

Technical requirements

Ansible version and configuration

Inventory parsing and data sources

Static inventory

Inventory ordering

Inventory variable data

Dynamic inventories

Runtime inventory additions

Inventory limiting

Playbook parsing

Order of operations

Relative path assumptions

Play behavior directives

Execution strategies

Host selection for plays and tasks

Play and task names

Module transport and execution

Module reference

Module arguments

Module blacklisting

Module transport and execution

Task performance

Variable types and location

Variable types

Magic variables

Accessing external data

Variable precedence

Precedence order

Variable group priority ordering

Merging hashes

Summary

Protecting Your Secrets with Ansible

Technical requirements

Encrypting data at rest

Vault IDs and passwords

Things Vault can encrypt

Creating new encrypted files

Password prompt

Password file

Password script

Encrypting existing files

Editing encrypted files

Password rotation on encrypted files

Decrypting encrypted files

Executing Ansible-playbook with encrypted files

Mixing encrypted data with plain YAML

Protecting secrets while operating

Secrets transmitted to remote hosts

Secrets logged to remote or local files

Summary

Ansible and Windows - Not Just for Linux

Technical requirements

Running Ansible from Windows

Checking your build

Enabling WSL

Installing Linux under WSL

Setting up Windows hosts for Ansible control

System requirements for automation with Ansible

Enabling the WinRM listener

Connecting Ansible to Windows

Handling Windows authentication and encryption

Authentication mechanisms

A note on accounts

Certificate validation

Automating Windows tasks with Ansible

Picking the right module

Installing software

Extending beyond modules

Summary

Infrastructure Management for Enterprises with AWX

Technical requirements

Getting AWX up and running

Integrating AWX with your first playbook

Defining a project

Defining an inventory

Defining credentials

Defining a template

Going beyond the basics

Role-based access control (RBAC)

Organizations

Scheduling

Auditing

Surveys

Workflow templates

Notifications

Summary

Section 2: Writing and Troubleshooting Ansible Playbooks

Unlocking the Power of Jinja2 Templates

Technical requirements

Control structures

Conditionals

Inline conditionals

Loops

Filtering loop items

Loop indexing

Macros

Macro variables

name

arguments

defaults

catch_kwargs

catch_varargs

caller

Data manipulation

Syntax

Useful built-in filters

default

count

random

round

Useful Ansible provided custom filters

Filters related to task status

shuffle

Filters dealing with path names

basename

dirname

expanduser

Base64 encoding

Searching for content

Omitting undefined arguments

Python object methods

String methods

List methods

int and float methods

Comparing values

Comparisons

Logic

Tests

Summary

Controlling Task Conditions

Technical requirements

Defining a failure

Ignoring errors

Defining an error condition

Defining a change

Special handling of the command family

Suppressing a change

Error recovery

Using the rescue section

Using the always section

Handling unreliable environments

Iterative tasks with loops

Summary

Composing Reusable Ansible Content with Roles

Technical requirements

Task, handler, variable, and playbook inclusion concepts

Including tasks

Passing variable values to included tasks

Passing complex data to included tasks

Conditional task includes

Tagging included tasks

Task includes with loops

Including handlers

Including variables

vars_files

Dynamic vars_files inclusion

include_vars

extra-vars

Including playbooks

Roles

Role structure

Tasks

Handlers

Variables

Modules and plugins

Dependencies

Files and templates

Putting it all together

Role dependencies

Role dependency variables

Tags

Role dependency conditionals

Role application

Mixing roles and tasks

Role includes and imports

Role sharing

Ansible Galaxy

Summary

Troubleshooting Ansible

Technical requirements

Playbook logging and verbosity

Verbosity

Logging

Variable introspection

Variable subelements

Subelements versus Python object method

Debugging code execution

Playbook debugging

Debugging local code

Debugging inventory code

Debugging playbook code

Debugging executor code

Debugging remote code

Debugging the action plugins

Summary

Extending Ansible

Technical requirements

Developing modules

The basic module construct

Custom modules

Example – Simple module

Documenting a module

Providing fact data

The check mode

Supporting check mode

Handling check mode

Developing plugins

Connection-type plugins

Shell plugins

Lookup plugins

Vars plugins

Fact-caching plugins

Filter plugins

Callback plugins

Action plugins

Distributing plugins

Developing dynamic inventory plugins

Listing hosts

Listing host variables

Simple inventory plugin

Optimizing script performance

Contributing to the Ansible project

Contribution submissions

The Ansible repository

Executing tests

Unit tests

Integration tests

Code-style tests

Making a pull request

Summary

Section 3: Orchestration with Ansible

Minimizing Downtime with Rolling Deployments

Technical requirements

In-place upgrades

Expanding and contracting

Failing fast

The any_errors_fatal option

The max_fail_percentage option

Forcing handlers

Minimizing disruptions

Delaying a disruption

Running destructive tasks only once

Serializing single tasks

Summary

Infrastructure Provisioning

Technical requirements

Managing cloud infrastructures

Creating servers

Booting virtual servers

Adding to runtime inventory

Using OpenStack inventory sources

Managing a public cloud infrastructure

Interacting with Docker containers

Building images

Building containers without a Dockerfile

Docker inventory

Ansible Container

Using ansible-container init

Using ansible-container build

Using ansible-container run

Summary

Network Automation

Technical requirements

Ansible for network manage ment

Cross-platform support

Configuration portability

Backup, restore, and version control

Automated change requests

Handling multiple device types

Researching your modules

Configuring your modules

Writing your playbooks

Configuring Cumulus Networks switches with Ansible

Defining our inventory

Practical examples

Best practices

Inventory

Gathering facts

Jump hosts

Summary

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