Proxmox High Availability电子书

Proxmox High Availability

Table of Contents

Proxmox High Availability

Credits

About the Author

About the Reviewers

www.PacktPub.com

Support files, eBooks, discount offers, and more

Why subscribe?

Free access for Packt account holders

Preface

What this book covers

What you need for this book

Who this book is for

Conventions

Reader feedback

Customer support

Errata

Piracy

Questions

1. Basic Concepts of a Proxmox Virtual Environment

Introduction to Proxmox Virtual Environment

Introduction to server virtualization

Server virtualization basics – guest versus host

Comparing types of server virtualization software

Comparison table of hypervisors

Basic administration on Proxmox VE

Uploading the OS template or the ISO file to Proxmox

Creating an OpenVZ-based virtual machine

Creating a kernel-based virtual machine

Accessing the new virtual machine

Virtualization options in Proxmox VE

Virtual disk options under Proxmox VE

Introducing the OpenVZ template

Summary

2. Getting Started with a High Availability (HA) Environment

What is a high availability (HA) environment?

What is availability?

Negative effects of system downtime

Strategies to achieve High Availability (HA)

Introducing a Proxmox VE cluster

Introduction to DRBD

Explaining live migration

Introducing the post-copy memory migration

Introducing the pre-copy memory migration

System requirements for the Proxmox cluster

Describing the requirements for RAID

The RAID 0 operation

The RAID 1 operation

The RAID 10 operation

HA capability for Proxmox with a two-node cluster

The Proxmox Cluster file system (pmxcfs)

Summary

3. Key Components for Building a Proxmox VE Cluster

Key component 1 – shared storage

Characteristics of SAN and NAS

Available storage options in Proxmox

Storage option 1 – storage over iSCSI

An explanation of the Logical Volume Manager (LVM)

Storage option 2 – a distributed replicated block device (DRBD)

Storage option 3 – the Gluster filesystem

Storage option 4 – the Ceph filesystem

Comparing the types of file storage supported by Proxmox

Key component 2 – reliable network

Key component 3 – a fencing device

What is a fencing device?

Available fencing device options

Intelligent Platform Management Interface (IPMI)

Simple network management protocol (SNMP)

Key component 4 – quorum disk

Summary

4. Configuring a Proxmox VE Cluster

Configuring a network for a Proxmox VE cluster

Building a network with redundancy

Building a separate network for the Proxmox VE cluster

Introducing Proxmox's network options

Introducing the VLAN structure

Creating an infrastructure for a Proxmox cluster testing environment

The concept of a quorum device

The concept of a bonding device

The concept of DRBD

Preparing a network for a Proxmox cluster

Preparing storage for a Proxmox cluster

Preparing iSCSI shared storage with NAS4free for the quorum device

Basic concepts of an iSCSI device

Configuring a Proxmox VE cluster

Forming a two-node cluster with DRBD

Installing and configuring DRBD

Creating an LVM volume based on the DRBD shared storage

Network fencing with a Cisco switch via SNMP

Building a Gluster filesystem for a Proxmox cluster

Building a Ceph filesystem for a Proxmox cluster

Mounting a Ceph device as shared storage

Summary

5. Testing on a Proxmox Cluster

Storage preparation for an LVM shared storage

Demonstration of live migration

Using an OpenVZ container for live migration

Live migration with a KVM

Building an HA-protected VM

Testing with the cluster environment

Testing an HA service relocation

Testing the OpenVZ container relocation

Testing a KVM relocation

Testing a single network interface failure

Testing a single network switch failure

Testing a single cluster node failure

Setting up a failover domain

Summary

6. System Migration of an Existing System to a Proxmox VE Cluster

System migration of an existing Linux platform

Preparing for container migration on a Proxmox server

Migrating data to a container using the rsync command

Live migration of a physical machine to a KVM

Preparing for migration on the source machine

Creating an LVM snapshot volume for data copying

Preparing for migration on a Proxmox server

Restoring disk information from the source backup

Copying data from the source server to the Proxmox server

System migration of a Windows platform

Post-migration for offline migration with a physical machine

System migration from VMware to Proxmox

System migration from XenServer / Hyper-V Server to Proxmox

Summary

7. Disaster Recovery on a Proxmox VE Cluster

Backup process for VMs in Proxmox

Backing up the configuration files of a Proxmox cluster

Backing up the VM data in Proxmox

Backing up using the vzdump command for VMs

Backing up using the vzdump stop mode for the OpenVZ container

Defining a new backup storage location

Backing up with vzdump stop mode for KVM

Backing up with the vzdump suspend mode

Preparation for using the LVM snapshot with vzdump

Creating a new LVM volume for backup storage

Reducing the size of an LVM's logical volume

Adding/replacing physical storage for the existing LVM volume

Backing up with vzdump and an LVM snapshot

Backing up with the web management console

The restore process of VMs in Proxmox

Restoring a VM with vzrestore

Restoring an OpenVZ container with vzrestore

Restoring a KVM machine with vzrestore

Restoring a VM with the web management console

Setting up a scheduled backup for the VMs

Building up our own OS template

Building our own OpenVZ template from an existing container

Building our own VM template from an existing KVM machine

System recovery of a Proxmox cluster failure

Replacing a failed cluster node

Building a redundant cluster from the backup files

Removing a cluster member node

Summary

8. Troubleshooting on a Proxmox Cluster

Troubleshooting system access problems

Undefined video mode number

Cannot open the console window in the web management GUI

A KVM machine cannot be turned off using the Shutdown command

Troubleshooting system migration problems

The KVM machine cannot be migrated

An OpenVZ container cannot be migrated

Troubleshooting system storage problems

DRBD volume not in synchronization

Need access to up-to-date data during service initialization

DRBD volume shows the Diskless status

DRBD volume shows the Unknown status

Rebuilding a DRBD volume

Failed to get the extended attribute trusted.glusterfs.volume-id for brick x on a GlusterFS volume

Replacing a failed Gluster node

CEPH service that shows AA.BB.CC.DD/0 pipe (XXX).fault

CEPH service that shows OSD.X is down

Troubleshooting Proxmox cluster problems

Unable to start the HA-enabled VM

The cluster node is being fenced

Nodes unable to rejoin cluster after fence or reboot

Unable to restart the cluster service

Unable to perform any change on the cluster

Summary

Index