Mastering Python Scripting for System Administrators电子书

Title Page

Copyright and Credits

Mastering Python Scripting for System Administrators

Dedication

About Packt

Why subscribe?

Packt.com

Contributors

About the author

About the reviewers

Packt is searching for authors like you

Preface

Who this book is for

What this book covers

To get the most out of this book

Download the example code files

Conventions used

Get in touch

Reviews

Python Scripting Overview

Technical requirements

Why Python?

Python syntax compared to other programming languages

Python installation

Installation on the Linux platform

Installation on the Windows platform

Installing and using pip to install packages

Installation on Mac

Installing Jupyter notebook

Installing and using the virtual environment

Installing Geany and PyCharm

Python interpreter

The difference between Python and Bash scripting

Starting the interactive console

Writing scripts with the Python interactive console

Multiple lines

Importing modules through the Python interpreter

Exiting the Python console

The keyboard shortcut

Using the quit() or exit() functions

Indentation and tabs

Variables

Creating and assigning values to variables

Numbers

Number type conversion

Strings

Concatenation (+) and repetition (*)

String slicing

Accessing values in strings

Updating strings

Escape characters

Special string operators

% string formatting operator

Triple quotes in Python

Strings are immutable

Understanding lists

Accessing values in lists

Updating lists

Deleting list elements

Basic list operations

List operations

Indexing, slicing, and matrices

Tuples

Accessing values in tuples

Updating tuples

Deleting tuple elements

Basic tuple operations

Indexing, slicing, and matrices

max() and min()

Sets

Dictionaries

Parsing command-line arguments

Command-line arguments in Python

Sys.argv

Decision making

Python if statement syntax

Python if...else statement syntax

Python if...elif...else statement

Loops

for loop

The range() function

while loop

Iterators

Generators

How to create a generator in Python?

Functions

The return statement

Lambda functions

Modules

Importing modules

Summary

Questions

Further reading

Debugging and Profiling Python Scripts

What is debugging?

Python debugging techniques

Error handling (exception handling)

Debuggers tools

The pdb debugger

Within an interpreter

From a command line

Within a Python script

Debugging basic program crashes

Profiling and timing programs

The cProfile module

timeit

Making programs run faster

Summary

Questions

Further reading

Unit Testing - Introduction to the Unit Testing Framework

What is unittest?

Creating unit tests

Methods used in unit testing

Summary

Questions

Further reading

Automating Regular Administrative Activities

Accepting input by redirection, pipe, and input files

Input by redirection

Input by pipe

Input by input file

Handling passwords at runtime in scripts

Executing external commands and getting their output

Capturing output using the subprocess module

Prompting for passwords during runtime and validation

Reading configuration files

Adding logging and warning code to scripts

Generating warnings

Putting limits on CPU and memory usage

Launching webbrowser

Using the os module for handling directory and files

Creating and deleting the directory

Examining the content of a filesystem

Making backups (with rsync)

Summary

Questions

Further reading

Handling Files, Directories, and Data

Using the os module to work with directories

Get the working directory

Changing the directory

Listing files and directories

Renaming a directory

Copying, moving, renaming, and deleting data

Copying the data

Moving the data

Renaming data

Deleting data

Working with paths

Comparing data

Merging data

Pattern matching files and directories

Metadata: data about data

Compressing and restoring

Using the tarfile module to create TAR archives

Using a tarfile module to examine the contents of TAR files

Summary

Questions

Further reading

File Archiving, Encrypting, and Decrypting

Creating and unpacking archives

Creating archives

Unpacking archives

Tar archives

ZIP creation

File encryption and decryption

Summary

Questions

Further reading

Text Processing and Regular Expressions

Text wrapping

The wrap() function

The fill() function

The dedent() function

The indent() function

The shorten() function

Regular expressions

The match() function

The search() function

The findall() function

The sub() function

Unicode strings

Unicode code point

Encoding

Decoding

Avoiding UnicodeDecodeError

Summary

Questions

Further reading

Documentation and Reporting

Standard input and output

Information formatting

Sending email

Summary

Questions

Further reading

Working with Various Files

Working with PDF files

Reading a PDF document and getting the number of pages

Extracting text

Rotating PDF pages

Working with Excel files

Using the xlrd module

Reading an Excel file

Extracting the names of columns

Using pandas

Reading an Excel file

Reading specific columns in an Excel file

Using openpyxl

Creating a new Excel file

Appending values

Reading multiple cells

Working with CSV files

Reading a CSV file

Writing into a CSV file

Working with txt files

The open() function

File opening

The close() function

Writing a text file

Reading a text file

Summary

Questions

Further reading

Basic Networking - Socket Programming

Sockets

The http package

The http.client module

The http.server module

The ftplib module

Downloading files

Getting a welcome message using getwelcome():

Sending commands to the server using the sendcmd() function

The urllib package

Python urllib response headers

Summary

Questions

Further reading

Handling Emails Using Python Scripting

Email message format

Adding HTML and multimedia content

POP3 and IMAP servers

Receiving email using the poplib library

Receiving email using the imaplib library

Summary

Questions

Remote Monitoring of Hosts Over Telnet and SSH

The telnetlib() module

SSH

The subprocess.Popen() module

SSH using fabric module

SSH using the Paramiko library

SSH using the Netmiko library

Summary

Questions

Further reading

Building Graphical User Interfaces

Introduction to GUI

Using a library to create a GUI-based application

Installing and using the Apache Log Viewer app

Summary

Questions

Further reading

Working with Apache and Other Log Files

Parsing complex log files

The need for exceptions

Analyzing exceptions

Tricks for parsing different files

Error log

Access log

Common log format

Parsing other log files

Summary

Questions

Further reading

SOAP and REST API Communication

What is SOAP?

Using libraries for SOAP

What is a RESTful API?

Using standard libraries for RESTful APIs

Working with JSON data

Summary

Questions

Further reading

Web Scraping - Extracting Useful Data from Websites

What is web scraping?

Data extraction

The requests library

The beautifulsoup library

Extracting information from Wikipedia

Summary

Questions

Further reading

Statistics Gathering and Reporting

NumPY module

Using arrays and scalars

Array indexing

Indexing a 2D array

Universal array functions

Pandas module

Series

DataFrames

Data visualization

Matplotlib

Histograms

Scatter plots

Bar charts

Plotly

Scatter plots

Line scatter plots

Box plots

Contour plots

Summary

Questions

Further reading

MySQL and SQLite Database Administrations

MySQL database administration

Getting a database version

Creating a table and inserting data

Retrieving the data

Updating the data

Deleting the data

SQLite database administration

Connecting to the database

Creating a table

Inserting the data

Retrieving the data

Updating the data

Deleting the data

Summary

Questions

Further reading

Assessments

Chapter 1, Python Scripting Overview

Chapter 2, Debugging and Profiling Python Scripts

Chapter 3, Unit Testing – Introduction to the Unit Testing Framework

Chapter 4, Automating Regular Administrative Activities

Chapter 5, Handling Files, Directories, and Data

Chapter 6, File Archiving, Encrypting, and Decrypting

Chapter 7, Text Processing and Regular Expressions

Chapter 8, Documentation and Reporting

Chapter 9, Working with Various Files

Chapter 10, Basic Networking – Socket Programming

Chapter 11, Handling Emails Using Python Scripting

Chapter 12, Remote Monitoring of Hosts Over Telnet and SSH

Chapter 13, Building Graphical User Interfaces

Chapter 14, Working with Apache and Other Log Files

Chapter 15, SOAP and REST API Communication

Chapter 16, Web Scraping – Extracting Useful Data from Websites

Chapter 17, Statistics Gathering and Reporting

Chapter 18, MySQL and SQLite Database Administrations

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