Learning DevOps电子书

Dedication

Foreword

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Preface

Who this book is for

What this book covers

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Download the example code files

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Code in Action

Conventions used

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Section 1: DevOps and Infrastructure as Code

DevOps Culture and Practices

Getting started with DevOps

Implementing CI/CD and continuous deployment

Continuous integration (CI)

Implementing CI

Continuous delivery (CD)

Continuous deployment

Understanding IaC practices

The benefits of IaC

IaC languages and tools

Scripting types

Declarative types

The IaC topology

The deployment and provisioning of the infrastructure

Server configuration

Immutable infrastructure with containers

Configuration and deployment in Kubernetes

IaC best practices

Summary

Questions

Further reading

Provisioning Cloud Infrastructure with Terraform

Technical requirements

Installing Terraform

Manual installation

Installation by script

Installing Terraform by script on Linux

Installing Terraform by script on Windows

Installing Terraform by script on macOS

Integrating Terraform with Azure Cloud Shell

Configuring Terraform for Azure

Creating the Azure SP

Configuring the Terraform provider

Terraform configuration for local development and testing

Writing a Terraform script to deploy Azure infrastructure

Following some Terraform good practices

Better visibility with the separation of files

Protection of sensitive data

Dynamizing the code with variables and interpolation functions

Deploying the infrastructure with Terraform

Initialization

Previewing changes

Applying the changes

Terraform command lines and life cycle

Using destroy to better rebuild

Formatting and validating the code

Formatting the code

Validating the code

Terraform's life cycle in a CI/CD process

Protecting tfstate in a remote backend

Summary

Questions

Further reading

Using Ansible for Configuring IaaS Infrastructure

Technical requirements

Installing Ansible

Installing Ansible with a script

Integrating Ansible into Azure Cloud Shell

Ansible artifacts

Configuring Ansible

Creating an inventory for targeting Ansible hosts

The inventory file

Configuring hosts in the inventory

Testing the inventory

Writing the first playbook

Writing a basic playbook

Understanding Ansible modules

Improving your playbooks with roles

Executing Ansible

Using the preview or dry run option

Increasing the log level output

Protecting data with Ansible Vault

Using variables in Ansible for better configuration

Protecting sensitive data with Ansible Vault

Using a dynamic inventory for Azure infrastructure

Summary

Questions

Further reading

Optimizing Infrastructure Deployment with Packer

Technical requirements

An overview of Packer

Installing Packer

Installing manually

Installing by script

Installing Packer by script on Linux

Installing Packer by script on Windows

Installing Packer by script on macOS

Integrating Packer with Azure Cloud Shell

Checking the Packer installation

Creating Packer templates for Azure VMs with scripts

The structure of the Packer template

The builders section

The provisioners section

The variables section

Building an Azure image with the Packer template

Using Ansible in a Packer template

Writing the Ansible playbook

Integrating an Ansible playbook in a Packer template

Executing Packer

Configuring Packer to authenticate to Azure

Checking the validity of the Packer template

Running Packer to generate our VM image

Using a Packer image with Terraform

Summary

Questions

Further reading

Section 2: DevOps CI/CD Pipeline

Managing Your Source Code with Git

Technical requirements

Overviewing Git and its command lines

Git installation

Configuration Git

Git vocabulary

Git command lines

Retrieving a remote repository

Initializing a local repository

Configuring a local repository

Adding a file for the next commit

Creating a commit

Updating the remote repository

Synchronizing the local repository from the remote

Managing branches

Understanding the Git process and GitFlow pattern

Starting with the Git process

Creating and configuring a Git repository

Committing the code

Archiving on the remote repository

Cloning the repository

The code update

Retrieving updates

Isolating your code with branches

Branching strategy with GitFlow

The GitFlow pattern

GitFlow tools

Summary

Questions

Further reading

Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery

Technical requirements

The CI/CD principles

Continuous integration (CI)

Continuous delivery (CD)

Using a package manager

Private NuGet and npm repository

Nexus Repository OSS

Azure Artifacts

Using Jenkins

Installing and configuring Jenkins

Configuring a GitHub webhook

Configuring a Jenkins CI job

Executing the Jenkins job

Using Azure Pipelines

Versioning of the code with Git in Azure Repos

Creating the CI pipeline

Creating the CD pipeline: the release

Using GitLab CI

Authentication at GitLab

Creating a new project and managing your code source

Creating the CI pipeline

Accessing the CI pipeline execution details

Summary

Questions

Further reading

Section 3: Containerized Applications with Docker and Kubernetes

Containerizing Your Application with Docker

Technical requirements

Installing Docker

Registering on Docker Hub

Docker installation

An overview of Docker's elements

Creating a Dockerfile

Writing a Dockerfile

Dockerfile instructions overview

Building and running a container on a local machine

Building a Docker image

Instantiating a new container of an image

Testing a container locally

Pushing an image to Docker Hub

Deploying a container to ACI with a CI/CD pipeline

The Terraform code for ACI

Creating a CI/CD pipeline for the container

Summary

Questions

Further reading

Managing Containers Effectively with Kubernetes

Technical requirements

Installing Kubernetes

Kubernetes architecture overview

Installing Kubernetes on a local machine

Installing the Kubernetes dashboard

First example of Kubernetes application deployment

Using HELM as a package manager

Using AKS

Creating an AKS service

Configuring kubectl for AKS

Advantages of AKS

Creating a CI/CD pipeline for Kubernetes with Azure Pipelines

The build and push of the image in the Docker Hub

Automatic deployment of the application in Kubernetes

Summary

Questions

Further reading

Section 4: Testing Your Application

Testing APIs with Postman

Technical requirements

Creating a Postman collection with requests

Installation of Postman

Creating a collection

Creating our first request

Using environments and variables to dynamize requests

Writing Postman tests

Executing Postman request tests locally

Understanding the Newman concept

Preparing Postman collections for Newman

Exporting the collection

Exporting the environments

Running the Newman command line

Integration of Newman in the CI/CD pipeline process

Build and release configuration

Npm install

Npm run newman

Publish test results

The pipeline execution

Summary

Questions

Further reading

Static Code Analysis with SonarQube

Technical requirements

Exploring SonarQube

Installing SonarQube

Overview of the SonarQube architecture

Installing SonarQube

Manual installation of SonarQube

Installation via Docker

Installation in Azure

Real-time analysis with SonarLint

Executing SonarQube in continuous integration

Configuring SonarQube

Creating a CI pipeline for SonarQube in Azure Pipelines

Summary

Questions

Further reading

Security and Performance Tests

Technical requirements

Applying web security and penetration testing with ZAP

Using ZAP for security testing

Ways to automate the execution of ZAP

Running performance tests with Postman

Summary

Questions

Further reading

Section 5: Taking DevOps Further

Security in the DevOps Process with DevSecOps

Technical requirements

Testing Azure infrastructure compliance with Chef InSpec

Overview of InSpec

Installing InSpec

Configuring Azure for InSpec

Writing InSpec tests

Creating an InSpec profile file

Writing compliance InSpec tests

Executing InSpec

Using the Secure DevOps Kit for Azure

Installing the Azure DevOps Security Kit

Checking the Azure security using AzSK

Integrating AzSK in Azure Pipelines

Preserving data with HashiCorp's Vault

Installing Vault locally

Starting the Vault server

Writing secrets in Vault

Reading secrets in Vault

Using the Vault UI web interface

Getting Vault secrets in Terraform

Summary

Questions

Further reading

Reducing Deployment Downtime

Technical requirements

Reducing deployment downtime with Terraform

Understanding blue-green deployment concepts and patterns

Using blue-green deployment to improve the production environment

Understanding the canary release pattern

Exploring the dark launch pattern

Applying blue-green deployments on Azure

Using App Service with slots

Using Azure Traffic Manager

Introducing feature flags

Using an open source framework for feature flags

Using the LaunchDarkly solution

Summary

Questions

Further reading

DevOps for Open Source Projects

Technical requirements

Storing the source code in GitHub

Creating a new repository on GitHub

Contributing to the GitHub project

Contributing using pull requests

Managing the changelog and release notes

Sharing binaries in GitHub releases

Using Travis CI for continuous integration

Getting started with GitHub Actions

Analyzing code with SonarCloud

Detecting security vulnerabilities with WhiteSource Bolt

Summary

Questions

Further reading

DevOps Best Practices

Automating everything

Choosing the right tool

Writing all your configuration in code

Designing the system architecture

Building a good CI/CD pipeline

Integrating tests

Applying security with DevSecOps

Monitoring your system

Evolving project management

Summary

Questions

Further reading

Assessments

Chapter 1: DevOps Culture and Practices

Chapter 2: Provisioning Cloud Infrastructure with Terraform

Chapter 3: Using Ansible for Configuring IaaS Infrastructure

Chapter 4: Optimizing Infrastructure Deployment with Packer

Chapter 5: Managing Your Source Code with Git

Chapter 6: Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery

Chapter 7: Containerizing Your Application with Docker

Chapter 8: Managing Containers Effectively with Kubernetes

Chapter 9: Testing APIs with Postman

Chapter 10: Static Code Analysis with SonarQube

Chapter 11: Security and Performance Tests

Chapter 12: Security in the DevOps Process with DevSecOps

Chapter 13: Reducing Deployment Downtime

Chapter 14: DevOps for Open Source Projects

Chapter 15: DevOps Best Practices

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