Optimizing Citrix? XenDesktop? for High Performance电子书

Optimizing Citrix® XenDesktop® for High Performance

Table of Contents

Optimizing Citrix® XenDesktop® for High Performance

Notice

Credits

About the Author

About the Reviewers

www.PacktPub.com

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Why subscribe?

Free access for Packt account holders

Preface

What this book covers

What you need for this book

Who this book is for

Conventions

Reader feedback

Customer support

Downloading the example code

Downloading the color images of this book

Errata

Piracy

Questions

1. XenDesktop® Architecture

Introduction

Getting started with hypervisors

Architecture

The Clients layer

The Network layer

The Access layer

The Control layer

The Services layer

The Resources layer

The Storage System layer

The Hypervisors layer

Terminology and concepts

Hyperthreading

The server side

The client side

Virtual machine

Server virtual machines

Desktop virtual machines

XenApp®

EdgeSight®

FlexCast®

Components

Citrix Receiver™

Hypervisor

NetScaler®

StoreFront™

Delivery Controller

Studio

Director

The License Server

Database

Active Directory

DHCP

DNS

Desktop

Server

Storage

vDisk

Personal vDisk

Virtual Desktop Agent

Summary

2. Sizing

System requirements

Citrix Receiver™

StoreFront 3.x

Database–Microsoft SQL Server

Studio

The Delivery Controller

Director

License Server 11.x

NetScaler VPX™

CloudBridge VPX™ (WAN Optimization)

Virtual Delivery Agent

Microsoft Active Directory

Microsoft DHCP Server

Microsoft DNS Server

Hypervisor host

XenDesktop® site sizing calculations

Storage calculation

vMem–memory calculation

vCPU–CPU calculation

vNIC–network bandwidth

User type

Small XenDesktop® site

Medium XenDesktop® site

Large XenDesktop® site

Enterprise XenDesktop® site

Summary

3. Hypervisors

VMware rings

XenServer® domains

Hyper-V partitions

Full virtualization

Paravirtualization

Hardware-assisted virtualization

Hypervisor Tools

VMware Tools

XenServer® Tools

Hyper-V Tools

Summary

4. Memory Optimization

XenDesktop® nugget

Hypervisor memory optimization

Memory

VMware

Memory overhead

Transparent page sharing

Ballooning

Hypervisor swapping

Compression

How memory reclamation works

Virtual machine memory allocation

XenServer®

Memory overhead

Memory overhead calculation

Dynamic Memory Control

Dynamic memory mode

Target memory mode

Static Memory Maximum

Hyper-V

Memory overhead

Static memory

Dynamic memory

Summary

5. Network Optimization

XenDesktop® nugget

Network virtualization

Traffic separation

QoS

ICA/HDX virtual channels

Multi-stream and multi-port

Multi-stream policy settings

Multi-stream registry settings

Streams

Virtual Channels

Virtual networking

Virtual Ethernet adapters

Virtual Switches

VMware virtual networking

VM DirectPath I/O

Network I/O Control

VMXNET 3

Large Receive Offload

Port Groups

Virtual Switch VLAN

Virtual Guest VLAN Tagging

External Switch Tagging

NIC Teaming

Load balancing

Link aggregation

Failover protection

VMware networking maximums

VMware networking tweaks

XenServer® networking

XenServer® networking maximums

XenServer® networking tweaks

Hyper-V networking

Hyper-V networking maximums

Hyper-V networking tweaks

Summary

6. Storage Optimization

XenDesktop® nugget

Input/output operations per second

Data de-duplication

Personal vDisk

Storage types

Block versus file

File storage types

Block storage types

Local versus network

Local storage

Network storage

Hyper converged storage

Redundant array of inexpensive disks

Cloud storage technologies

Storage virtualization

VMware virtual storage

Datastores

Virtual machine filesystem

Virtual machine storage

vMotion

VMware storage limits

Virtual machine limits

VMware ESXi host limits

VMware storage tweaks

VSAN

vFRC

CBRC

Storage I/O Control

I/O Analyzer

SCSI Controller

XenServer® virtual storage

Repositories

Blkfront, blkback, blktap, and tapdisk

Tapdisk3

Storage resource pools

IntelliCache

XenMotion®

XenServer® storage limits

Virtual machine limits

XenServer® host limits

XenServer® pool limits

XenMotion® limits

XenServer® storage tweaks

Sanbolic Melio

Workload balancer

Storage buffer

Blkback page pool size

Blktap page pool size

Communication rings

I/O scheduler

Hyper-V virtual storage

Cluster Shared Volumes

Resilient filesystem

Live migration

Storage spaces

Tiered spaces

Disk storage types

Hyper-V storage limits

Hyper-V storage tweaks

SMB Direct

Storage drivers

Unnecessary protocols

Default disk path

Storage controller

Disk storage type

Storage QoS

Summary

7. CPU Optimization

XenDesktop® nugget

Virtual CPUs

Hyperthreading

Non-uniform memory access

Intel VT

AMD-V

CPU virtualization

VMware virtual CPUs

Shares, reservations, and limits

VMware virtual CPU limits

Virtual machine limits

VMware ESXi host limits

VMware vCPU tweaks

Power management

NUMA in VMware

Latency sensitivity

XenServer® virtual CPUs

XenServer® virtual CPU limits

Virtual machine limits

Host limits

XenServer® vCPU tweaks

Disable power management

Caps, pins, and weights

CPU tools

irqbalance

numad

The number of Dom0 vCPUs

Netback threads

Hyper-V virtual CPUs

Hyper-V vCPU limits

Virtual machine limits

Host limits

Hyper-V vCPU tweaks

Integration services and Enlightened I/O

Roles

64 versus 32

1:12 overcommit ratio

Summary

8. Performance Monitoring

XenDesktop® nugget

The ICA protocol

XenDesktop® Director and EdgeSight®

Using HDX Insight™

Third-party tools

eG Innovations

Lakeside software

XenDesktop® performance metrics

VMware monitoring tools

GUI tools

CLI tools

vCLI

PowerCLI

esxtop

Memory

CPU

Network

Storage

XenServer® monitoring tools

GUI tools

CLI tools

Round Robin Databases

xentop

Memory

CPU

Network

Storage

xenmon

xm

Hyper-V monitoring tools

GUI tools

Hyper-V Manager

CLI tools

PowerShell library

Resource metering

Memory

CPU

Network

Storage

Load testing

Summary

9. Acceleration

XenDesktop® nugget

Application Delivery Controllers

Load balancer

Secure ticket authority

ADC caching

ADC compression

WAN Optimization Controllers

WAN caching

WAN compression

WAN de-duplication

WAN latency reduction

WAN quality of service

WAN protocol optimization

Content Delivery Networks

Virtual Desktop Infrastructure Content Delivery Network

Three dimensional graphics and high definition

HDX™

HDX™ 3D

Thin clients

Summary

10. XenDesktop® Component Tweaks

Citrix Receiver™ tweaks

Caching

Compression

Keyboard and mouse

Citrix® Virtual Desktop tweaks

Citrix® StoreFront™ tweaks

HTML5

CRL checking

Disable NetBIOS

Socket pooling

Application Initialization

Citrix® Studio tweaks

Database split

Citrix® Director tweaks

Pre-populate domain

Session timeout

Citrix® Delivery Controller tweaks

SQL mirroring

Connection Leasing

Separate roles

Citrix® License Server tweaks

Active Directory tweaks

Disable forest searching

DHCP and DNS

SQL databases

Citrix Provisioning Services™

Spanning Tree

Large Send Offload

Auto negotiation

Stream service isolation

Summary

Index