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Vital Minimum电子书

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作       者:Simmons, Dana

出  版  社:University of Chicago Press

出版时间:2015-07-13

字       数:153.4万

所属分类: 进口书 > 外文原版书 > 文学/自传/回忆录

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  • 读书简介
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What constitutes a needWho gets to decide what people do or do not needIn modern France, scientists, both amateur and professional, were engaged in defining and measuring human needs. These scientists did not trust in a providential economy to distribute the fruits of labor and uphold the social order. Rather, they believed that social organization should be actively directed according to scientific principles. They grounded their study of human needs on quantifiable foundations: agricultural and physiological experiments, demographic studies, and statistics.The result was the concept of the "e;vital minimum"e;--the living wage, a measure of physical and social needs. In this book, Dana Simmons traces the history of this concept, revealing the intersections between technologies of measurement, such as calorimeters and social surveys, and technologies of wages and welfare, such as minimum wages, poor aid, and welfare programs. In looking at how we define and measure need, Vital Minimum raises profound questions about the authority of nature and the nature of inequality.
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Cover

Title Page

Copyright Page

Contents

1 Introduction

2 Subsistence

Pigs on a Balance

Scarcity

Bread and Meat

Recycling and Reproduction

3 Social Reform

Scale Balances

Air Rations

Maintenance Rations

4 Family, Race, Type

Welfare and Comparative Zoology

Family and Race

Socialism and Statistics

5 Citizens

Useless Mouths, Get Out!

Meat or Bread

6 Vital Wages

Socialism, Statistics, and the Iron Law

The Fever of Needs

Vital Wages

7 Science of Man

Biosocial Economics

Rationing

The Vital Minimum Wage

The Science of Man after 1945

8 Human Persons

Incompressible Needs and the SMIG

Human Persons

An Impossible Standard

9 Need, Nature, and Society

Acknowledgments

Notes

Bibliography

Index

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