高分子化学=Polymer Chemistry：双语教学用：英文电子书

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内容提要

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Preface

Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 BASIC CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS

1.1.1 Monomers and Polymers

1.1.2 Structural Unit and Repeating Unit

1.1.3 Dimers，Trimers and Oligomers

1.1.4 Linear Polymers

1.1.5 Branched Polymers

1.1.6 Crosslinked Polymers

1.1.7 Stars and Dendrimers

1.1.8 Ladder Polymers

1.1.9 Copolymers

1.2 AVERAGE MOLECULAR WEIGHT AND DISTRIBUTION

1.3 TYPES OF POLYMERS AND POLYMERIZATIONS

1.3.1 Condensation Reactions

1.3.2 Addition Reactions

1.3.3 Ring-opening Polymerizations

1.4 POLYMERIZATION MECHANISM

1.4.1 Step Polymerization

1.4.2 Chain Polymerization

1.4.3 Comparison of Step and Chain Polymerization

1.5 NOMENCLATURE OF POLYMERS

1.5.1 Nomenclature Based on Source

1.5.2 Nomenclature Based on Structure（Non-IUPAC）

1.5.3 Trade Name

1.5.4 IUPAC Structure-Based Nomenclature System

1.6 A BRIEF HISTORY OF SYNTHETIC POLYMERS

1.6.1 1838-1930’s

1.6.2 1930-1945’s

1.6.3 1945-1960’s

1.6.4 1960-1980’s

1.6.5 1980-2000’s

1.6.6 2000-2018’s

1.6.7 Prospect of Polymer Materials

1.7 HISTORY OF NOBEL PRIZES FOR POLYMER SCIENCE

1.8 APPLICATION OF POLYMERS

Exercises 1

Chapter 2 FREE-RADICAL POLYMERIZATION

2.1 INTRODUCE

2.1.1 Initiators

2.1.2 Monomers

2.1.3 Solvents and Systems

2.2 INITIATION

2.2.1 Initiation by Thermal Decomposition of Initiators

2.2.2 Initiation by Redox Reactions

2.2.3 Initiation by Photolytic and Ionizing Radiation

2.2.4 Reactions of Initiator Radicals with Monomers

2.3 RADICAL CHAIN PROPAGATION

2.4 CHAIN TRANSFER REACTIONS

2.5 FREE RADICAL CHAIN TERMINATION

2.6 KINECTICS OF FREE RADICAL POLYMERIZATION

2.6.1 Approximations

2.6.2 Steady-state Concentrations of the Propagating Radicals

2.6.3 Theoretic Rate of Polymerization

2.7 AVERAGE KINETIC CHAIN LENGTH

2.8 AVERAGE DEGREE OF POLYMERIZATION AND AVERAGE MOLECULAR WEIGHT

2.9 EFFECT OF CHAIN TRANSFER ON AVERAGE DEGREE OF POLYMERIZATION

2.10 DEPENDENCE OF THE DEGREE OF POLYMERIZATION ON TEMPERATURE

2.11 DISTRIBUTION OF MOLECULAR WEIGHT

2.11.1 Disproportionation Termination

2.11.2 Combination Termination

2.12 INHIBITOR AND RETARDER

Exercises 2

Chapter 3 FREE-RADICAL COPOLYMERIZATION

3.1 TYPES AND NAMENCLATURE OF COPOLYMERS

3.2 REACTIVITY RATIO AND COPOLYMER COMPOSITION EQUATION

3.3 COPOLYMERIZATION BEHAVIOR

3.3.1 Ideal Copolymerization

3.3.2 Alternating Copolymerization

3.3.3 Non-ideal Copolymerization

3.3.4 "Block" Copolymerization

3.4 EXPERIMENTAL DETERMINATION OF ACTIVITY RATIOS

3.5 VARIATION OF COPOLYMER COMPOSITION WITH CONVERSION

3.6 EFFECT OF MONOMER STRUCTURE ON REACTIVITY

3.6.1 Conjugation Effect

3.6.2 Polarity Effect

3.6.3 Steric Effect

3.7 Q-e EQUATIONS

3.8 DISTRIBUTION OF MONOMERS IN A COPOLYMER

Exercises 3

Chapter 4 IONIC POLYMERIZATION

4.1 ANIONIC POLYMERIZATION

4.1.1 Initiators for Anionic Polymerization

4.1.2 Monomers for Anionic Polymerization

4.1.3 Solvents

4.1.4 The Mechanism of Anionic Polymerization（General）

4.1.5 Living Polymers and Copolymerization

4.2 COORDINATION POLYMERIZATION

4.2.1 Ziegler-Natta Catalyst

4.2.2 Composition of the Catalyst

4.2.3 Polymerization Mechanism

4.3 CATIONIC POLYMERIZATION

4.3.1 Initiators for Cationic Polymerization

4.3.2 Monomers for Cationic Polymerization

4.3.3 The Mechanism of Cationic Polymerization

4.3.4 Special Characteristics of Classical Cationic Polymerizations

4.4 KINETICS OF IONIC POLYMERIZATION

4.4.1 Anionic Polymerization

4.4.2 Cationic Polymerization

Exercises 4

Chapter 5 STEP POLYMERIZATION

5.1 INTRODUCTION

5.1.1 Types of Condensation Reactions

5.1.2 Requirements for High Molecular Weight

5.2 SPECIFIC CONDENSATION POLYMERIZATIONS

5.2.1 Linear Polyesters

5.2.2 Branched and Crosslinked Polyesters

5.2.3 Polycarbonates

5.2.4 Polyamides（nylons）

5.3 KINETICS OF STEP POLYMERIZATION

5.3.1 Equal Reactivity of Functional Groups

5.3.2 Rate of Polymerization Reactions

5.3.3 Kinetics of Polyesterification

5.4 TIME DEPENDENCE OF THE AVERAGE DEGREE OF POLYMERIZATION

5.5 MOLECULAR WEIGHT DISTRIBUTIONS

5.6 EFFECT OF NONSTOICHIOMETRIC REACTANT RATIOS

5.7 BRANCHED AND CROSSLINKED CONDENSATION POLYMERS

5.8 THE METHOD OF STEP POLYMERIZATION

5.8.1 Melt Condensation Polymerization

5.8.2 Solution Polymerization

5.8.3 Interfacial Polycondensation

5.8.4 Solid Phase Polycondensation

5.9 RANDOM PREPOLYMERS AND STRUCTURE PREPOLYMERS

5.9.1 Random Performed Polymers

5.9.2 Structure Prepolymers

Exercises 5

Chapter 6 RING-OPENING POLYMERIZATION

6.1 INTRODUCTION

6.2 CHARACTERISTICS OF RING-OPENING POLY-MERIZATION

6.3 POLYMERIZATION ABILITY OF CYCLIC MONOMERS

6.4 THERMODYNAMICS OF RING-OPENING POLYME-RIZATION OF CYCLOALKANES

6.5 THERMODYNAMIC AND KINETIC CHARACTERIS-TICS OF CYCLOALKANE POLYMERIZATION

6.6 IMPORTANT RING-OPENING POLYMERIZATION IN INDUSTRY

6.6.1 Cyclic Ether

6.6.2 Cationic Ring-opening Polymerization of Carbonyl Compounds and Acetals

6.6.3 Ring-opening Polymerization of Cyclic Amides

6.6.4 Cyclosiloxane

Exercises 6

Chapter 7 REACTIONS OF SYNTHETIC POLYMERS

7.1 REACTIONS INVOLVING THE MAIN CHAIN

7.1.1 Addition Reactions

7.1.2 Reactions that Generate Skeletal Unsaturation

7.1.3 Hydrolytic Chain Cleavage

7.1.4 Enzymatic Degradation of Synthetic Polymers

7.1.5 Oxidation Reactions

7.1.6 High Temperature Degradation Reactions

7.1.7 Electron Beam Depolymerization

7.2 REACTIONS INVOLVING THE SIDE GROUPS

7.2.1 Principles of Polymer Reactivity

7.2.2 Hydrolysis of Side Group Structures

7.2.3 Chloromethylation of Polystyrene

7.3 GRAFT POLYMER FORMATION

7.4 CROSS-LINKING REACTION

7.5 SURFACE REACTIONS OF POLYMERS

7.5.1 Surface Fluorination

7.5.2 Surface Nitrification and Sulfonation

7.5.3 Surface Oxidation

Exercises 7

Chapter 8 METHODS OF POLYMERIZATION

8.1 BULK （MASS） POLYMERIZATION

8.2 SOLUTION POLYMERIZATION

8.3 SUSPENSION POLYMERIZATION

8.4 EMULSION POLYMERIZATION

8.4.1 Description of Process

8.4.2 Quantitative Aspects

8.4.3 Other Characteristics of Emulsion Polymerization

8.4.4 Soap-Free Emulsion Polymerization

8.4.5 Inverse Emulsion Polymerization

8.4.6 Miniemulsion Polymerization

8.4.7 Microemulsion Polymerization

8.4.8 Seed Emulsion Polymerization

8.4.9 Core-shell Emulsion Polymerization

8.4.10 Dispersion Polymerization

8.4.11 Living Radical Polymerization

Exercises 8

REFERENCE