中华思想文化术语10电子书

“中华思想文化术语传播工程”专家团队

前言

Foreword

āilè-zhòngjié 哀乐中节

Express Grief and Joy in Accordance with the Rules of Propriety

ānmín 安民

Give Peace and Comfort to the People

bēimǐn 悲悯

Mercy and Compassion

bǐxiǎn-xìnɡyǐn 比显兴隐

Make Analogy Explicit and Association Implicit

bùchéng-wúwù 不诚无物

Without Sincerity, Nothing Is Possible.

bùzhēnɡ 不争

Not Engaging in Contention

chénɡxīn 成心

Biased Mind

chōngshí zhī wèi měi 充实之谓美

Moral Fulfillment Is Beauty Itself.

chónɡdé 崇德

Moral Elevation

dàqīnɡmínɡ 大清明

Great Clarity and Brightness

dàyǎn 大衍

The Fundamental Calculation

dàobùyùzá 道不欲杂

The Fundamental Principle Should Not Be a Mixture of Ideas.

dàoqì 道器

Dao and Objects

dàoshū 道枢

Pivot of Dao

décāo 德操

Moral Integrity

déwéishànzhèng 德惟善政

The Virtue of Those Exercising Power Is Reflected in Good Governance.

diāozhuó qíngxìng, zǔzhī cílìng 雕琢情性，组织辞令

Ennoble One's Sentiment to Produce Fine Writing

fán cǎi ɡuǎ qínɡ, wèi zhī bì yàn 繁采寡情，味之必厌

Excessive Adornment and Lack of True Feeling Make One's Writing Dull.

fēiyuè 非乐

Oppose and Ban Music

fènghuáng 凤凰

Phoenix

ɡōnɡxínɡ 躬行

Practice in Person

guó wú yì, suī dà bì wáng 国无义，虽大必亡

A Powerful Country Without Righteousness Is Doomed to Fall.

hé'érbùliú 和而不流

Living in Harmony with Others Without Losing Moral Ground

hòushēng-kěwèi 后生可畏

Young People Should Be Highly Regarded.

jiǎxiànɡ-jiànyì 假象见意

Use Imagery to Express Meaning

jiànxínɡ 践形

Cultivate One's Innate Quality to Be Revealed in One's Appearance

jiāngshānzhīzhù 江山之助

Inspiration from Mountains and Rivers

jiàng zài wài, jūn mìng yǒu suǒ bù shòu 将在外，君命有所不受

A General Out in the Battlefield Can Choose Not to Obey the King's Order.

jiàoxué-wéixiān 教学为先

Education Must Be Placed First.

jiéyònɡ 节用

Economy

jīnxiàng-yùzhì 金相玉质

The Look of Gold and the Texture of Jade

jīnɡdiǎn 经典

Classics

jīnɡwù-bājí, xīnyóu-wànrèn 精骛八极，心游万仞

Roaming Remote Realms and Soaring to Great Heights

jìnɡ 敬

Respect

jūluán-bǔnà 拘挛补衲

Florid Prose and Stilted Writing

lèi 类

Category

lèizú-biànwù 类族辨物

Discerning Things Through Classification

miàozào-zìrán 妙造自然

Perfect Naturalness

mínshēng 民生

Livelihood of the People

nèixǐnɡ 内省

Introspection

péngyǒu 朋友

Friends

qīqínɡ-liùyù 七情六欲

Seven Emotions and Six Desires

qìjié 气节

Moral Integrity

qìwǎnɡ-lìɡǔ 气往轹古

A Piece of Writing with Appeal Surpasses That of Ancient Writers.

qīnrén-shànlín 亲仁善邻

To Be Benevolent and Friendly Towards Neighboring Countries

qún 群

Group

rénwénzhīyuán 人文之元

The Origin of Human Culture

rónɡrǔ 荣辱

Honor and Disgrace

shàn shèng zhě bù zhēng 善胜者不争

Win a War Without Fighting

shàn zhàn zhě qiú zhī yú shì 善战者求之于势

A Person Skilled at Warfare Seeks Victory Through Strategic Positioning.

shàn zhàn zhě zhì rén ér bù zhì yú rén 善战者致人而不致于人

A Person Skilled at Warfare Controls His Opponents and Is Not Controlled by Them.

shènɡwánɡ 圣王

Sage King

shí bì cháng bǎo, ránhòu qiú měi 食必常饱，然后求美

Attention to Refined Taste Comes Only After the Stomach Is Sated.

shì chū yú chénsī, yì ɡuī hū hànzǎo 事出于沈思，义归乎翰藻

Recording History in an In-depth Way and Presenting It in Eloquent Writing

shìyǔ-shànɡhuà 饰羽尚画

Inappropriate Embellishment of Writing

shūwén-zàishí 舒文载实

Use Fine Wording to Voice Feelings and Aspirations

shūyě 疏野

Unrestrained and Ingenuous Spirit

ténɡshēnɡ-fēishí 腾声飞实

Fame and Accomplishment Survive Through Writing.

tiānxià-yījiā 天下一家

All Under Heaven Are of One Family.

tiānzhí 天职

The Work of Heaven

tiānzhì 天志

The Will of Heaven

tǒnɡlèi 统类

Universal Principles

wánɡdào wú jìn ɡōnɡ 王道无近功

The Righteous Way Seeks No Immediate Gains.

wáng zhě zhī jì xī ér 《shī》 wáng 王者之迹熄而《诗》亡

The Book of Songs Died with the Decline of the Kingly Way.

wànɡshìzhīshì 忘适之适

Effortless Ease

wěi 伪

Human Modification; Artifice

wèiyǔ-chóumóu 未雨绸缪

Get Prepared for a Rainy Day

wén bù miè zhì, bó bù nì xīn 文不灭质，博不溺心

Graceful Wording Should Not Conceal Content, and Intricate Rhetoric Should Not Drown Out the Author's Feelings and Thoughts.

wúdài 无待

Depend on Nothing

wúyù 无欲

Having No Excessive Desire

xiàxué-shànɡdá 下学上达

Study Concrete Things and Reach to a Higher-level Understanding

xiánhuá-pèishí 衔华佩实

Harmony Between Substance and Style

xīn shēnɡ ér yán lì 心生而言立

Words Flow Forth from the Heart.

xíngshén 形神

Form and Spirit

xūhuái-ruòɡǔ 虚怀若谷

An Open Mind as Broad as a Mountain Valley

xuánjiě 县解

Freeing the Mind from Bias

yán 言

Language

yán yǔ zhì fǎn, wén qǐ zú zhēnɡ 言与志反，文岂足征

Writing That Runs Counter to Its Author's Aspirations Is Worthless.

yílún 彝伦

Yilun / Constant Relations

yǐwén-wéixì 以文为戏

Playful Writing

yìjìnɡ-shénwànɡ 意静神王

A Tranquil Mind Is a Source of Inspiration.

yōnɡyīn-zátǐ 庸音杂体

Banal Content and Jumbled Forms

yǒushàn 友善

Friendly and Kind

yǒuxīnzhīqì 有心之器

Objects of Intelligence and Sentiment

yúlùn 舆论

Public Opinion

yuánshǒu 元首

Head of State

zǎocí-juéyù 藻辞谲喻

Richly Nuanced Wording and Intricate Figurative Meaning

zhèng xiàng yuè, yuè cóng hé 政象乐，乐从和

Both Governance and Music Playing Pursue Harmony.

zhīnán-xínɡyì 知难行易

To Act Is Easy; To Know Is Hard.

zhītiān 知天

Understanding Heaven

zhīyán 知言

Discerning Statements

zhīyì-xínɡnán 知易行难

To Know Is Easy; To Act Is Hard.

zhízhì 直致

Direct Expression

zhǐshì-zàoxínɡ, qiónɡqínɡ-xiěwù 指事造形，穷情写物

Establish Relations Among Things, Create Images, Fully Explore Feelings and Aptly Depict External Things

zhìlǐ-zuòyuè 制礼作乐

Establish Rites and Compose Music

zhìbìng-jiùrén 治病救人

Treat the Illness and Save the Patient

zìshèng 自胜

Overcome Oneself

zìxìn 自信

Believe in One's Self

zìzhī 自知

Know One's Self / Self-knowledge

zìzhì 自治

Self-discipline / Self-control

术语表 List of Concepts

中国历史年代简表 A Brief Chronology of Chinese History