中式英语之鉴电子书

To the Reader

Part One: Unnecessary Words

I. Unnecessary Nouns and Verbs

Nouns

Verbs

A warning about revision

Twenty more examples of revision

Twenty exercises

II. Unnecessary Modifiers

1. Redundant modifiers

2. Self-evident modifiers

3. Intensifiers

4. Qualifiers

5. Clichés

The importance of judgment

Twenty more examples of revision

Twenty exercises

III. Redundant Twins

Recognizing redundancies

Eliminating redundancies

Categories of redundant twins

Proliferation of redundancies

Again, the need for judgment

Redundant twins in native English

Twenty more examples of revision

Twenty exercises

IV. Saying the Same Thing Twice

Forms of repetition in Chinglish

Dealing with repetition in translations

Twenty more examples of revision

Twenty exercises

V. Repeated References to the Same Thing

Repeated references that can be dispensed with

Repeated references that need to be retained

Ways of shortening repeated references

Another reason for avoiding exact repetition

Twenty more examples of revision

Twenty exercises

VI. Summing it All Up

Twenty more examples of revision

Twenty more exercises

Part Two: Sentence Structure

VII. The Noun Plague

Perils of using abstract nouns

Sentences based on abstract nouns

Combating the plague

A special form of the plague

Twenty more examples of revision

Twenty exercises

VIII. Pronouns and Antecedents

Correct use of pronouns

1. When antecedents are not explicitly stated

2. When antecedents are ambiguous

3. When antecedents are too remote

4. When pronouns do not agree with their antecedents

Mistakes made by native speakers of English

Twenty more examples of revision

Twenty exercises

IX. The Placement of Phrases and Clauses

Correct word order for logic

Word order for proper emphasis

Twenty more examples of revision

Twenty exercises

X. Dangling Modifiers

1. Dangling participles

2. Dangling gerunds

3. Dangling infinitives

4. Prepositional phrases (not based on verb forms)

5. Individual adjectives

Twenty more examples of revision

Twenty exercises

XI. Parallel Structure

Difficulties in using parallel structure

1. Elements linked by coordinating conjunctions

2. Elements linked by correlative conjunctions

3. Items in a list or a series of headings

4. Elements linked in comparisons

Further refinements

Misleading parallel structure

Twenty more examples of revision

Twenty exercises

XII. Logical Connectives

Examples of logical connectives

Types of logical connectives

Examples of missing links

Dubious logical connectives

Wrong logical connectives

Twenty more examples of revision

Twenty exercises

XIII. Summing it All Up

Twenty more examples of revision

Twenty more exercises

Part Three: Supplementary Examples

Forty final exercises

Forty final revisions

Key to Exercises

I. Unnecessary Nouns and Verbs

II. Unnecessary Modifiers

III. Redundant Twins

IV. Saying the Same Thing Twice

V. Repeated References to the Same Thing

VI. Summing it All Up

VII. The Noun Plague

VIII. Pronouns and Antecedents

IX. The Placement of Phrases and Clauses

X. Dangling Modifiers

XI. Parallel Structure

XII. Logical Connectives

XIII. Summing it All Up

Selected Bibliography