英语逻辑思维系列(写作+辩论)(套装共2本)电子书

总目录

英语写作手册

目录

前言

第一章 英语用法的基本规则”

规则1 单数名词词尾加's构成所有格

规则2 在三个或三个以上项目并列时，在最后一项前使用连词，其余各项用逗号隔开

规则3 将插入语放在两个逗号之间

规则4 在引导独立从句的连词前加逗号

规则5 勿用逗号连接独立分句

规则6 勿将句子一截为二

规则7 在独立分句之后用冒号引导一系列具体事物、同位语、解释或起例证作用的引语

规则8 用破折号表示突然的停顿或中断、引导较长的同位语或总结性语句

规则9 主语的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数

规则10 代词的格要用得得当

规则11 位于句首的分词短语所修饰的必须是该句的主语

第二章 写作的基本原则”

规则12 选择恰当的布局结构，并始终如一

规则13 将段落作为文章的基本单位

规则14 使用主动语态

规则15 用肯定句进行陈述

规则16 使用肯定、明确、具体的语言

规则17 删掉多余的词语

规则18 避免使用一连串的散句

规则19 以相似的形式表达并列的意思

规则20 将相关的词放在一起

规则21 在概述时使用同一种时态

规则22 将需要强调的词放在句末

第三章 写作格式的注意事项”

第四章 常被误用的单词和短语”

第五章 拼写”

思辨精英

目录

本书作者简介

Acknowledgments

Preface

Part one Introduction to Educational Debate

Chapter 1 Debate as a Valuable Social Process and a Unique Educational Tool

1.1 Why Study Debate?

1.2 An Historical Look at Argumentation and Debate in China and the United States

1.3 Contemporary Developments in Argumentation, Debate, and Persuasion

1.4 Developments in Educational Debate

1.5 From Educational Debate to Generative Debate

1.6 Summary

1.7 Terms and Concepts from Chapter 1

1.8 Discussion Questions for Chapter 1

Chapter 2 Ethical Considerations in Debate

2.1 The Ethical Debater

2.2 Four Features of Debate

2.3 Some Guidelines for Developing a Code of Ethics in Debate

2.4 Summary

2.5 Terms and Concepts from Chapter 2

2.6 Discussion Questions for Chapter 2

Chapter 3 Concepts Fundamental to Debating

3.1 Two Sets of Related Concepts

3.2 Components of Arguments

3.3 Kinds of Claims

3.4 Claims and Supporting Material

3.5 Principles and Consequences as Means of Evaluation

3.6 Summary

3.7 Terms and Concepts from Chapter 3

3.8 Discussion Questions for Chapter 3

Chapter 4 Analyzing a Debate Topic

4.1 Analyzing Topic Background

4.2 Analyzing Topic Type

4.3 Analyzing the Definition and Interpretation of the Topic

4.4 Analyzing Potential Issues

4.5 Summary

4.6 Terms and Concepts from Chapter 4

4.7 Discussion Questions for Chapter 4

4.8 Exercises for Chapter 4

Part Two Worlds-Style Debate

Chapter 5 Worlds-Style Debate as a Model of Educational Debate

5.1 Parliamentary Systems and Worlds-Style Debate

5.2 Worlds-Style Debate Format

5.3 Responsibilities for Speakers in Worlds-Style Debate

5.4 Summary

5.5 Terms and Concepts from Chapter 5

5.6 Discussion Questions for Chapter 5

5.7 Exercise for Chapter 5

Chapter 6 Arguments by First Government Teams

6.1 Role of the Prime Minister

6.2 Outline of a Prime Minister Speech Supporting a Value Motion

6.3 Outline of a Prime Minister Speech Supporting a Policy Motion

6.4 Role of the Deputy Prime Minister

6.5 Summary

6.6 Terms and Concepts from Chapter 6

6.7 Discussion Questions for Chapter 6

6.8 Exercises for Chapter 6

Chapter 7 Arguments by First Opposition Teams

7.1 Role of Leader of Opposition

7.2 Role of the Deputy Leader of Opposition

7.3 Common Kinds of Opposition Arguments

7.4 Summary

7.5 Terms and Concepts from Chapter 7

7.6 Discussion Questions for Chapter 7

7.7 Exercises for Chapter 7

Chapter 8 Extending the Debate in Member Speeches

8.1 Refuting Arguments in Member Speeches

8.2 Extending Arguments

8.3 Using Preparation Time to Prepare for Member Speeches

8.4 Summary

8.5 Terms and Concepts from Chapter 8

8.6 Discussion Questions for Chapter 8

8.7 Exercises for Chapter 8

Chapter 9 Summarizing the Debate in Whip Speeches

9.1 Overview of Whip Speeches

9.2 Summarizing: What to Discuss

9.3 Summarizing: How to Organize

9.4 The Response Trap

9.5 Summary

9.6 Terms and Concepts from Chapter 9

9.7 Discussion Questions for Chapter 9

9.8 Exercises for Chapter 9

Part Three Debating Skills

Chapter 10 Refuting and Rebuilding Arguments

10.1 Refuting Arguments

10.2 Rebuilding Arguments

10.3 Summary

10.4 Terms and Concepts from Chapter 10

10.5 Discussion Questions for Chapter 10

10.6 Exercises for Chapter 10

Chapter 11 Points of Information

11.1 Offering Points of Information

11.2 Responding to Points of Information

11.3 Summary

11.4 Terms and Concepts from Chapter 11

11.5 Discussion Questions for Chapter 11

11.6 Exercise for Chapter 11

Chapter 12 Research Strategies for Debate

12.1 Developing Good Research Habits

12.2 Selecting Appropriate Resources & Formulating Searches2

12.3 Evaluating Websites3

12.4 Summary

12.5 Terms and Concepts from Chapter 12

12.6 Discussion Questions for Chapter 12

12.7 Exercise for Chapter 12

Chapter 13 Listening and Taking Notes

13.1 Listening in Debates

13.2 Paraphrasing

13.3 Flowing the Debate

13.4 Summary

13.5 Terms and Concepts from Chapter 13

13.6 Discussion Questions for Chapter 13

13.7 Exercise for Chapter 13

Appendix A—SAMPLE DEBATE FLOW SHEET

Chapter 14 Delivery

14.1 Becoming a Proficient Speaker

14.2 General Features of Effective Delivery in Debate

14.3 Using the Body in Delivery

14.4 Using the Voice in Delivery

14.5 Summary

14.6 Terms and Concepts from Chapter 14

14.7 Discussion Questions for Chapter 14

14.8 Exercises for Chapter 14

Part Four Elements of Argument and Argumentation

Chapter 15 Elements of Argument: Claims and Exceptions

15.1 Claims

15.2 Exceptions

15.3 Summary

15.4 Terms and Concepts from Chapter 15

15.5 Discussion Questions for Chapter 15

15.6 Exercises for Chapter 15

Chapter 16 Elements of Argument: Evidence

16.1 Categories of Evidence

16.2 Citing and Documenting Evidence

16.3 Summary

16.4 Terms and Concepts from Chapter 16

16.5 Discussion Questions for Chapter 16

16.6 Exercise for Chapter 16

Chapter 17 Linking Evidence to Claims

17.1 Argument by Authority

17.2 Argument by Generalization

17.3 Argument by Analogy

17.4 Argument by Causality

17.5 Argument by Principle

17.6 Argument by Incompatibility

17.7 Argument by Dissociation

17.8 Summary

17.9 Terms and Concepts from Chapter 17

17.10 Discussion Questions for Chapter 17

17.11 Exercise for Chapter 17

Chapter 18 The Structure of Arguments

18.1 Simple Arguments

18.2 Combined Arguments

18.3 Independent Arguments

18.4 Summary

18.5 Terms and Concepts from Chapter 18

18.6 Discussion Questions for Chapter 18

18.7 Exercise for Chapter 18

Chapter 19 Argumentation, Consequences, and Principles

19.1 Evaluation Based on Consequences of Action

19.2 Evaluation Based on Principles of Duties and Rights

19.3 Summary

19.4 Terms and Concepts from Chapter 19

19.5 Discussion Questions for Chapter 19

19.6 Exercises for Chapter 19

Chapter 20 Combining Claims Coherently

20.1 Supporting a Main Claim with a Series of Sub-Claims

20.2 A Pattern for Combining Sub-Claims to Support a Primary Claim

20.3 Using the General Pattern to Create Arguments

20.4 Summary

20.5 Terms and Concepts from Chapter 20

20.6 Discussion Questions for Chapter 20

20.7 Exercise for Chapter 20

Chapter 21 The Quality of Arguments: Fallacies in Argumentation

21.1 Criteria for Logical Assessment of Arguments

21.2 Three Basic Fallacies

21.3 Summary

21.4 Terms and Concepts from Chapter 21

21.5 Discussion Questions for Chapter 21

21.6 Exercise for Chapter 21

Part Five Teaching and Coaching Debate

Chapter 22 Judging and Evaluating Debates

22.1 Mechanics of Judging Worlds-Style Debate

22.2 Guidelines for Speaker Points

22.3 Judge as Educator

22.4 Summary

22.5 Terms and Concepts from Chapter 22

22.6 Discussion Questions for Chapter 22

Chapter 23 Administering a Debate Tournament

23.1 Benefits of Hosting a Tournament

23.2 Tournament Logistics

23.3 Personnel and Their Responsibilities

23.4 Tournament Invitation

23.5 Summary

23.6 Terms and Concepts from Chapter 23

23.7 Discussion Questions for Chapter 23

Appendix A CHECK SHEET FOR HOSTING A DEBATE TOURNAMENT

Appendix B TOURNAMENT INVITATION TEMPLATE

Appendix C TABULATION TASKS FOR EACH DEBATE

Appendix D SAMPLE JUDGE HANDOUT

Appendix E SAMPLE TOURNAMENT ENTRY FORM TOURNAMENT ENTRY FORM

Works Cited