Nginx Essentials电子书

Nginx Essentials

Table of Contents

Nginx Essentials

Credits

About the Author

About the Reviewers

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Free access for Packt account holders

Preface

What this book covers

What you need for this book

Who this book is for

Conventions

Reader feedback

Customer support

Errata

Piracy

eBooks, discount offers, and more

Questions

1. Getting Started with Nginx

Installing Nginx

Installing Nginx on Ubuntu

Alternatives

Installing Nginx on Red Hat Enterprise Linux or CentOS/Scientific Linux

Installing Nginx from source files

Downloading the Nginx source files

Troubleshooting

Building Nginx

Troubleshooting

Copying the source code configuration from prebuilt packages

The structure of the Nginx installation

The Nginx configuration folder

The default virtual host folder

The virtual hosts configuration folder

The log folder

The temporary folder

Configuring Nginx

Value types

Variables

Inclusions

Sections

The http section

The server section

The upstream section

The location section

Simple

Exact

Regular expression locations

The if section

The limit_except section

Other section types

Configuration settings' inheritance rules

The First sample configuration

Configuration best practices

Summary

2. Managing Nginx

The Nginx connection processing architecture

Starting and stopping Nginx

Control signals and their usage

Fast shutdown

Graceful shutdown

Reconfiguration

Reopening the log file

Nginx binary upgrade

Graceful worker shutdown

Finalizing the upgrade procedure

Handling difficult cases

Distribution-specific startup scripts

Allocating worker processes

Setting up Nginx to serve static data

Installing SSL certificates

Creating a Certificate Signing Request

Installing an issued SSL certificate

Permanently redirecting from a nonsecure virtual host

Managing temporary files

Communicating issues to developers

Creating a binary with debugging information

Summary

3. Proxying and Caching

Nginx as a reverse proxy

Setting up Nginx as a reverse proxy

Setting the backend the right way

Adding transparency

Handling redirects

Handling cookies

Using SSL

Handling errors

Choosing an outbound IP address

Accelerating downloads

Caching

Configuring caches

Enabling caching

Choosing a cache key

Improving cache efficiency and availability

Handling exceptions and borderline cases

Summary

4. Rewrite Engine and Access Control

The basics of the rewrite engine

More about rewrite rules

Patterns

Captures and positional parameters

Other functionalities of the rewrite engine

Assigning variables

Evaluating predicates using if sections

Replying with a specified HTTP status code

Access control

Restricting access by IP address

Using the geo directive to restrict access by IP address

Using basic authentication for access restriction

Authenticating users with a subrequest

Combining multiple access restriction methods

Summary

5. Managing Inbound and Outbound Traffic

Managing inbound traffic

Limiting the request rate

Limiting the number of simultaneous connections

Limiting the transfer rate of a connection

Applying multiple limitations

Managing outbound traffic

Declaring upstream servers

Using upstream servers

Choosing a request distribution strategy

Configuring backup servers

Determining whether a server is available

Enabling persistent connections

Limiting the transfer rate of an upstream connection

Summary

6. Performance Tuning

Optimizing static file retrieval

Enabling response compression

Optimizing buffer allocation

Enabling SSL session reuse

Worker processes allocation on multi-core systems

Summary

Index