VMware vSphere Troubleshooting电子书

VMware vSphere Troubleshooting

Table of Contents

VMware vSphere Troubleshooting

Credits

About the Author

About the Reviewers

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Preface

What this book covers

What you need for this book

Who this book is for

Conventions

Reader feedback

Customer support

Downloading the example code

Downloading the color images of this book

Errata

Piracy

Questions

1. The Methodology of Problem Solving

Troubleshooting techniques

Precise communication

Creating a knowledge base of identified problems and solutions

Obtaining the required knowledge of the problem space

Isolating the problem space

Documenting and keeping track of changes

Troubleshooting with power tools

Configuring the vSphere management agent

Installation

Installation steps

VMware vMA features

Powering-on vMA

AD integration

AD unattended access

vMA web UI

vi-user

Configuring vMA as a syslog server

Creating a logrotate file

The vMA authentication mechanism

Accessing systems from vMA

vMA scripts samples

PowerCLI

Connecting to vCenter Server or an ESX/vSphere host with PowerCLI

Setting up a syslog server using PowerCLI

Setting up a sysLog server manually

A comprehensive reference of log files

vSphere log files – vSphere host 5.1 and later

Logs from vCenter Server components on vSphere host 5.1, 5.5, and 6.0

vCenter log files

vCenter inventory service log files

vSphere Profile-Driven Storage log files

Configuring logs and collecting logs

Using vSphere Client

Using vSphere Web Client

Using the vm-support tool

Running vm-support in a console session on vSphere hosts

Generating logs on stdout

Using vm-support in vMA to collect logs

Using PowerCLI to collect the log bundle

Collecting log bundles from vCenter Server

Collecting log bundles from a vSphere host

Collecting log bundles from the vSphere log browser

Exporting logs

Understanding the hardware health of vSphere hosts

Miscellaneous tools

Summary

2. Monitoring and Troubleshooting Host and VM Performance

Tools for performance monitoring

Using esxtop/resxtop

Live resource monitoring – the interactive mode

Offline performance monitoring – batch mode

Replaying performance metrics – replay mode

Using Windows Performance Monitor

Analyzing esxtop results

Understanding CPU statistics

Enabling more esxtop fields

Memory statistics

Memory management in a vSphere host

Memory overcommitment

Memory overhead

Transparent page sharing

Ballooning

Memory compression

Esxtop for memory statistics

Diagnosing memory blockage

Network metrics

Understanding network metrics

Diagnosing network performance

Storage metrics

Using vMA and resxtop

vCenter performance charts

Creating a chart and configuring metrics

Configuring logging level for performance

Virtual machine troubleshooting

USB-attached virtual machines

Non-responsive USB/CD drives

Unable VM migration with a USB device

Fault-tolerant virtual machines

Incompatible or hosts not available

Summary

3. Troubleshooting Clusters

An overview of cluster information

Cluster performance monitoring

vSphere HA

Failing heartbeat datastores

Changing heartbeating datastores

Insufficient heartbeat datastores

Unable to unmount a datastore

Detaching datastores with vMA

Detaching a datastore using vSphere PowerCLI

vCenter server rejects specific datastores

DRS-enabled storage

Failed DRS recommendations

Datastore maintenance mode failure

More common errors of Storage DRS

Insufficient resources and vSphere HA failover

I/O control troubleshooting

SIOC logging

Changing vDisk shares and limits for a virtual machine

vSphere Fault Tolerance for virtual machines

Common troubleshooting of fault tolerance

Configuring SNMP traps for continuous monitoring

Configuring SNMP traps with vMA

Tuning the SNMP agents

Configuring SNMP agents from PowerCLI

Summary

4. Monitoring and Troubleshooting Networking

Log files

Understanding the virtual network creation process

Network troubleshooting commands

Repairing a dvsdata.db file

ESXCLI network

Troubleshooting uplinks

Troubleshooting virtual switches

Troubleshooting VLANs

Verifying physical trunks and VLAN configuration

Verifying VLAN configuration from CLI

Verifying VLANs from PowerCLI

Verifying PVLANs and secondary PVLANs

Testing virtual machine connectivity

Troubleshooting VMkernel interfaces

Verifying configuration from DCUI

Verifying network connectivity from DCUI

Verifying management network from DCUI

Troubleshooting with port mirroring

Monitoring with NetFlow

Adding a default route

Deleting a route

Managing vSphere DNS

PowerCLI - changing DNS on multiple vSphere hosts

Summary

5. Monitoring and Troubleshooting Storage

Storage adapters

Storage log files

The hostd.log file

The storageRM.log file

The vmkernel.log file

DRMDump

Multipathing and PSA troubleshooting

Native Multipathing Plugins

Changing the path selection policy from VMware vMA

Storage path masking

LUN and claim rules

Identifying storage devices and LUNs

Listing storage devices from vMA

Troubleshooting paths

Disabling vSphere APD

Planned PDL

VMware vMA to automate detaching of LUNs

Unplanned PDL

Multipath policy selection from the vSphere client

Using vMA to change a path state

Unmasking a path

LUN troubleshooting tips

Storage module troubleshooting

Troubleshooting iSCSI-related issues

iSCSI error correction

Troubleshooting NFS issues

Troubleshooting VMFS issues

VMFS snapshots and resignaturing

SAN display problems

SAN performance troubleshooting

Summary

6. Advanced Troubleshooting of vCenter Server and vSphere Hosts

vCenter managed hosts

Logging for an inventory service

Viewing vCenter Server logs

Setting up vCenter Server the statistics intervals from vSphere Web Client

Relocating or removing a vSphere host

vSphere host disconnection and reconnection

vSphere SSL certificates

Replacing machine certificates

Replacing VMCA root certificate

Replacing user solution certificates

Implementing SSL certificates for ESXi

Regenerating certificates

vCenter Server database

vSphere HA agent troubleshooting

Unreachable or uninitialized state

The HA agent initialization error

Reinstalling the HA agent

HA agent host failed state

Network partitioned or network isolated errors

Commonly known auto deploy problems

Getting help

Summary

A. Learning PowerGUI Basics

Using the VMware Community PowerPack

Summary

B. Installing VMware vRealize Operations Manager

Summary

C. Power CLI - A Basic Reference

Summary

Index