Learning PowerCLI - Second Edition电子书

Learning PowerCLI Second Edition

Learning PowerCLI Second Edition

Credits

About the Author

About the Reviewer

www.PacktPub.com

Why subscribe?

Customer Feedback

Preface

What this book covers

What you need for this book

Who this book is for

Conventions

Reader feedback

Customer support

Downloading the example code

Errata

Piracy

Questions

1. Introduction to PowerCLI

Downloading and installing PowerCLI

Requirements for using PowerCLI 6.5 Release 1

Downloading PowerCLI 6.5 Release 1

Installing PowerCLI

Participating in the VMware Customer Improvement Program

Modifying the PowerShell execution policy

Creating a PowerShell profile

Connecting and disconnecting servers

Connecting to a server

Connecting to multiple servers

Suppressing certificate warnings

Disconnecting from a server

Retrieving the PowerCLI configuration

Using the credential store

Retrieving a list of all of your virtual machines

Suppressing deprecated warnings

Using wildcard characters

Filtering objects

Using comparison operators

Using aliases

Retrieving a list of all of your hosts

Displaying the output in a grid view

Summary

2. Learning Basic PowerCLI Concepts

Using the Get-Command, Get-Help, and Get-Member cmdlets

Using Get-Command

Using Get-VICommand

Using Get-Help

Using Get-PowerCLIHelp

Using Get-PowerCLICommunity

Using Get-Member

Using providers and PSDrives

Using providers

Using PSDrives

Using the PowerCLI Inventory Provider

Using the PowerCLI Datastore Provider

Copying files between a datastore and your PC

Using arrays and hash tables

Creating calculated properties

Using raw API objects with ExtensionData or Get-View

Using the ExtensionData property

Using the Get-View cmdlet

Using managed object references

Using the Get-VIObjectByVIView cmdlet

Extending PowerCLI objects with the New-VIProperty cmdlet

Working with vSphere folders

Summary

3. Working with Objects in PowerShell

Using objects, properties, and methods

Using methods

Expanding variables and subexpressions in strings

When will a string be expanded?

Expanding a string when it is used

Using here-strings

Using the pipeline

Using the ByValue parameter binding

Using the ByPropertyName parameter binding

Using the PowerShell object cmdlets

Using the Select-Object cmdlet

Using the Where-Object cmdlet

Using the ForEach-Object cmdlet

Using the Sort-Object cmdlet

Using the Measure-Object cmdlet

Rounding a value

Using the Group-Object cmdlet

Using the Compare-Object cmdlet

Using the Tee-Object cmdlet

Creating your own objects

Using the New-Object cmdlet

Using a hash table to create an object

Creating objects using the Select-Object cmdlet

Creating objects using [pscustomobject]

Adding properties to an object with Add-Member

Using COM objects

Summary

4. Managing vSphere Hosts with PowerCLI

Adding hosts to a VMware vCenter Server

Creating a data center

Creating a cluster

Adding a host

Enabling and disabling maintenance mode

Working with host profiles

Creating a host profile

Attaching the host profile to a cluster or a host

Testing the host profile for compliance

Applying a host profile to a host or cluster

Using host profile answer files

Exporting a host profile

Importing a host profile

Working with host services

Retrieving information about host services

Starting a host service

Stopping a host service

Restarting a host service

Modifying the startup policy of a host service

Configuring the host firewall

Getting the host firewall default policy

Modifying the host firewall default policy

Getting the host firewall exceptions

Modifying a host firewall exception

Using vSphere Image Builder and Auto Deploy

Using Image Builder

Adding ESXi software depots to your PowerCLI session

Retrieving the ESXi software depots added to your PowerCLI session

Retrieving the image profiles in your PowerCLI session

Creating image profiles

Retrieving VIB objects from all of the connected depots

Adding VIBs to an image profile or updating existing VIBs

Exporting an image profile to an ISO or ZIP file

Configuring Auto Deploy

Creating deploy rules

Adding deploy rules to a ruleset

Retrieving deploy rulesets

Adding host profiles to a deploy ruleset

Using esxcli from PowerCLI

Removing hosts from a VMware vCenter Server

Summary

5. Managing Virtual Machines with PowerCLI

Creating virtual machines

Creating virtual machines from scratch

Creating virtual machines from templates

Cloning virtual machines

Registering virtual machines

Using OS customization specifications

Importing OVF or OVA packages

Retrieving the required properties

Assigning values to the required properties

Importing the vMA OVF file

Starting and stopping virtual machines

Starting virtual machines

Suspending virtual machines

Shutting down the virtual machine's guest operating systems

Stopping virtual machines

Modifying the settings of virtual machines

Using the VMware vSphere API to modify virtual machine settings

Adding devices to a virtual machine

Adding a hard disk

Adding a SCSI controller

Adding a network adapter

Adding a floppy drive

Adding a CD drive

Modifying devices added to a virtual machine

Modifying a hard disk

Moving a hard disk to another datastore

Modifying a SCSI controller

Modifying a network adapter

Modifying a floppy drive

Modifying a CD drive

Removing devices from a virtual machine

Removing a hard disk

Removing a network adapter

Removing a floppy drive

Removing a CD drive

Converting virtual machines into templates

Converting templates into virtual machines

Modifying the name of a template

Removing templates

Moving virtual machines to another folder, host, cluster, resource pool, or datastore

Updating VMware Tools

Using the Update-Tools cmdlet

Enabling the Check and upgrade VMware Tools before each power on checkbox

Upgrading virtual machine compatibility

Using snapshots

Creating snapshots

Retrieving snapshots

Reverting to a snapshot

Modifying snapshots

Removing snapshots

Running commands in the guest OS

Configuring Fault Tolerance

Turning Fault Tolerance on

Turning Fault Tolerance off

Opening the console of virtual machines

Removing virtual machines

Using tags

Managing tag categories

Creating tag categories

Retrieving tag categories

Modifying tag categories

Removing tag categories

Managing tags

Creating tags

Retrieving tags

Modifying tags

Removing tags

Managing tag assignments

Creating tag assignments

Retrieving tag assignments

Retrieving virtual machines by tag

Removing tag assignments

Converting custom attributes and annotations to tags

Creating tag categories from custom attributes

Creating tags from annotations

Summary

6. Managing Virtual Networks with PowerCLI

Using vSphere Standard Switches

Creating vSphere Standard Switches

Configuring vSphere Standard Switches

Adding network adapters to a switch

Removing vSphere Standard Switches

Using host network adapters

Creating host network adapters

Retrieving host network adapters

Configuring host network adapters

Configuring network speed and duplex setting

Configuring the management network

Configuring vMotion

Removing host network adapters

Configuring NIC teaming

Using standard port groups

Creating standard port groups

Configuring standard port groups

Removing standard port groups

Using vSphere Distributed Switches

Creating vSphere Distributed Switches

Creating a new vSphere Distributed Switch from scratch

Cloning a vSphere Distributed Switch

Creating a vSphere Distributed Switch from an export

Retrieving vSphere Distributed Switches

Configuring vSphere Distributed Switches

Rolling back the configuration of a vSphere Distributed Switch

Importing the configuration of a vSphere Distributed Switch from a backup

Upgrading a vSphere Distributed Switch

Adding hosts to vSphere Distributed Switches

Retrieving hosts connected to vSphere Distributed Switches

Adding host physical network adapters to a vSphere Distributed Switch

Removing host physical network adapters from a vSphere Distributed Switch

Removing hosts from a vSphere Distributed Switch

Exporting the configuration of vSphere Distributed Switches

Removing vSphere Distributed Switches

Using distributed virtual port groups

Creating distributed virtual port groups

Creating distributed virtual port groups from a reference group

Creating distributed virtual port groups from an export

Retrieving distributed virtual port groups

Modifying distributed virtual port groups

Renaming a distributed virtual port group

Rolling back the configuration of a distributed virtual port group

Restoring the configuration of a distributed virtual port group

Configuring network I/O control

Enabling network I/O control

Retrieving the network I/O control enabled status

Disabling network I/O control

Exporting the configuration of distributed virtual port groups

Migrating a host network adapter from a standard port group to a distributed port group

Removing distributed virtual port groups

Configuring host networking

Configuring the network of virtual machines

Setting the IP address

Setting the DNS server addresses

Retrieving the network configurations

Summary

7. Managing Storage

Rescanning for new storage devices

Creating datastores

Creating NFS datastores

Getting SCSI LUNs

Creating VMFS datastores

Creating software iSCSI VMFS datastores

Retrieving datastores

Setting the multipathing policy

Configuring vmhba paths to an SCSI device

Retrieving vmhba paths to an SCSI device

Modifying vmhba paths to an SCSI device

Working with Raw Device Mappings

Configuring storage I/O control

Retrieving Storage I/O Control settings

Configuring Storage DRS

Creating a datastore cluster

Retrieving datastore clusters

Modifying datastore clusters

Adding datastores to a datastore cluster

Retrieving the datastores in a datastore cluster

Removing datastores from a datastore cluster

Removing datastore clusters

Upgrading datastores to VMFS-5

Removing datastores

Using VMware vSAN

Configuring VMware vSAN networking

Enabling VMware vSAN on vSphere clusters

Retrieving the devices available for VMware vSAN

Creating VMware vSAN disk groups

Retrieving VMware vSAN disk groups

Adding a host SCSI disk to a VMware vSAN disk group

Retrieving the host disks that belong to a VMware vSAN disk group

Removing disks from a VMware vSAN disk group

Removing VMware vSAN disk groups

Using vSphere storage policy-based management

Retrieving storage capabilities

Using tags to define storage capabilities

Creating SPBM rules

Creating SPBM rule sets

Creating SPBM storage policies

Retrieving SPBM storage policies

Modifying SPBM storage policies

Retrieving SPBM compatible storage

Using SPBM to create virtual machines

Retrieving SPBM-related configuration data of clusters, virtual machines, and hard disks

Associating storage policies with virtual machines and hard disks and enabling SPBM on clusters

Exporting SPBM storage policies

Importing SPBM storage policies

Removing SPBM storage policies

Summary

8. Managing High Availability and Clustering

Creating vSphere HA and DRS clusters

Retrieving clusters

Retrieving the HA master or primary hosts

Retrieving cluster configuration issues

Modifying the cluster settings

Configuring enhanced vMotion compatibility (EVC) mode

Disabling HA

Disabling or enabling host monitoring

Enabling VM and application monitoring

Configuring the heartbeat datastore selection policy

Moving hosts to clusters

Moving clusters

Using DRS rules

Creating VM-VM DRS rules

Creating VM-host DRS rules

Creating virtual machines DRS groups

Creating hosts DRS groups

Retrieving DRS groups

Modifying DRS groups

Adding virtual machines to a DRS group

Removing virtual machines from a DRS group

Removing DRS groups

Creating Virtual Machines to Hosts DRS rules

Retrieving DRS Rules

Modifying DRS rules

Removing DRS rules

Using DRS recommendations

Using resource pools

Creating resource pools

Retrieving resource pools

Modifying resource pools

Moving resource pools

Configuring resource allocation between virtual machines

Removing resource pools

Using Distributed Power Management

Enabling DPM

Configuring hosts for DPM

Testing hosts for DPM

Putting hosts into standby mode

Starting hosts

Retrieving the DPM configuration of a cluster

Disabling DPM

Removing clusters

Summary

9. Managing vCenter Server

Working with roles and permissions

Retrieving privileges

Using roles

Creating roles

Retrieving roles

Modifying roles

Removing roles

Using permissions

Creating permissions

Retrieving permissions

Modifying permissions

Removing permissions

Managing licenses

Adding license keys to the license inventory

Retrieving license keys from the license inventory

Removing license keys from the license inventory

Assigning licenses to hosts

Retrieving assigned licenses

Using the LicenseDataManager

Associating license keys with host containers

Applying the associated license key to all hosts

Retrieving license key associations

Retrieving all of the license key associations to the host containers in your environment

Retrieving the license keys associated with a specific host container

Retrieving the effective license key of a host container

Modifying license key associations

Removing license key associations

Configuring alarms

Retrieving alarm definitions

Modifying alarm definitions

Creating alarm actions

Configuring the vCenter Server mail server and sender settings

Retrieving alarm actions

Removing alarm actions

Creating alarm action triggers

Retrieving alarm action triggers

Removing alarm action triggers

Retrieving events

Summary

10. Patching ESXi Hosts and Upgrading Virtual Machines

Downloading new patches into the Update Manager repository

Retrieving patches in the Update Manager repository

Using baselines and baseline groups

Retrieving baselines

Retrieving patch baselines

Creating patch baselines

Modifying patch baselines

Attaching baselines to inventory objects

Detaching baselines from inventory objects

Removing baselines

Testing inventory objects for compliance with baselines

Retrieving baseline compliance data

Initializing staging of patches

Remediating inventory objects

Upgrading or patching ESXi hosts

Upgrading virtual machine hardware

Summary

11. Managing VMware vCloud Director and vCloud Air

Connecting to vCloud Air servers and vCloud Director servers

Retrieving organizations

Retrieving organization virtual datacenters

Retrieving organization networks

Retrieving vCloud users

Using vCloud virtual appliances

Retrieving vApp templates

Creating vCloud vApps

Retrieving vCloud vApps

Starting vCloud vApps

Stopping vCloud vApps

Managing vCloud virtual machines

Creating vCloud virtual machines

Retrieving vCloud virtual machines

Starting vCloud virtual machines

Stopping vCloud virtual machines

Using the vCloud Director API with Get-CIView

Removing vCloud virtual machines

Removing vCloud virtual appliances

Creating snapshots

Retrieving snapshots

Reverting to snapshots

Removing snapshots

Disconnecting from vCloud Director servers

Summary

12. Using Site Recovery Manager

Installing SRM

Connecting to SRM servers

Downloading and installing the Meadowcroft.SRM module

Pairing SRM sites

Retrieving the name of the local vCenter Server

Retrieving the remote vCenter Server

Retrieving the SRM user info

Managing protection groups

Creating protection groups

Retrieving protection groups

Protecting virtual machines

Retrieving protected virtual machines

Unprotecting virtual machines

Managing recovery plans

Retrieving recovery plans

Running recovery plans

Retrieving the historical results of recovery plans

Disconnecting from SRM servers

Summary

13. Using vRealize Operations Manager

Connecting to vRealize Operations Manager servers

Retrieving vRealize Operations Manager resource objects

Using alerts

Retrieving alert definitions

Retrieving alert types

Retrieving alert subtypes

Modifying alerts

Retrieving recommendations

Retrieving statistic keys

Retrieving statistical data

Retrieving local user accounts

Using the vRealize Operations Manager API

Getting the user roles

Creating users

Removing users

Retrieving solutions

Retrieving traversalSpecs

Creating reports

Retrieving reports

Disconnecting from vRealize Operations Manager servers

Summary

14. Using REST API to manage NSX and vRealize Automation

Connecting to REST API servers

Managing NSX logical switches

Creating NSX logical switches

Retrieving NSX logical switches

Removing NSX logical switches

Managing NSX logical (distributed) routers

Creating NSX logical (distributed) routers

Retrieving NSX logical (distributed) routers

Removing NSX logical (distributed) routers

Managing NSX Edge services gateways

Retrieving NSX Edge services gateways

Removing NSX Edge services gateways

Connecting to vRA servers

Managing vRA tenants

Creating vRA tenants

Retrieving vRA tenants

Removing vRA tenants

Retrieving vRA business groups

Managing vRA reservations

Creating vRA reservations

Retrieving vRA reservations

Managing vRA machines and applications

Retrieving entitled catalog items

Retrieving a template request for an entitled catalog item

Creating vRA machines

Viewing details of a machine request

Retrieving provisioned resources

Summary

15. Reporting with PowerCLI

Retrieving log files

Creating log bundles

Performance reporting

Retrieving the statistical intervals

Retrieving performance statistics

Retrieving metric IDs

Exporting reports to CSV files

Generating HTML reports

Sending reports by e-mail

Reporting the health of your vSphere environment with vCheck

Summary