Introduction to DevOps with Kubernetes电子书

Preface

About the Book

About the Authors

Objectives

Audience

Approach

Hardware Requirements

Software Requirements

Conventions

Installation and Setup

Additional Resources

Chapter 1

Introduction to DevOps

Introduction

DevOps' Effect on Industry

DevOps Culture and its Benefits

The DevOps Toolchain

Plan

Exercise 1: Creating a Repository and Project Board on GitHub

Create

Exercise 2: Creating a DevOps Blog

Verify

Exercise 3: Connecting the DevOps Blog to a CI/CD System

Package

Release

Exercise 4: Releasing the DevOps Blog

Configure

Monitor

Activity 1: CI/CD Pipeline for the DevOps Blog

Summary

Chapter 2

Introduction to Microservices and Containers

Introduction

Introduction to Docker

The Fundamental Concepts of Docker

Exercise 5: Creating a "Hello World" Container in Docker

Building Docker Images

Dockerfiles

The Docker Registry

Exercise 6: Building a Docker Image and Pushing it to Docker Hub

Running Docker Containers

Exercise 7: Running Docker Containers, Volume Mapping, and Port Sharing

Activity 2: Installing a WordPress Blog and Database Using Docker

Summary

Chapter 3

Introduction to Kubernetes

Introduction

What is Kubernetes?

Kubernetes Architecture

Master Components

Node Components

Exercise 8: Installing and Starting a Local Kubernetes Cluster

Accessing Kubernetes Clusters

Exercise 9: Checking Application Status in Kubernetes Dashboard

Exercise 10: Carrying Out Cluster Management Using kubectl

Fundamental Kubernetes Resources

The Pod

Replication Sets

Deployment

Stateful Sets

Activity 3: Installing a WordPress Blog and Database on Kubernetes

Summary

Chapter 4

Creating a Kubernetes Cluster

Introduction

Manual Kubernetes Cluster Setup

Exercise 11: Creating a Kubernetes Cluster Using kubeadm

Kubernetes Cluster Considerations

Development or Production-Ready Setup

In-House or Managed Services

On-Premises or Cloud Infrastructure

Vanilla Kubernetes or Custom Solutions

Kubernetes Platform Options

Local Machine Solutions

Hosted Solutions

Turnkey Solutions

Heptio

CoreOS Tectonic

Red Hat OpenShift

Exercise 12 – Creating Managed Kubernetes Clusters on GCP

Activity 4: Migrating a Running Application in Kubernetes Cluster

Summary

Chapter 5

Deploy an Application to Kubernetes

Introduction

Object Management in Kubernetes

Imperative Commands

Imperative Configuration

Declarative Configuration

Exercise 13: Deploying Applications Using kubectl

Service Discovery in Kubernetes

Exercise 14: Access Applications Using Services

Kubernetes Package Manager: Helm

Exercise 15: Installing Helm in the Kubernetes Cluster

Activity 5: Installing and Scaling a WordPress Blog in Kubernetes Using Helm

Summary

Chapter 6

Configuration and Storage Management in Kubernetes

Configuration Management

Infrastructure Configurations

Runtime Configurations

Configuration Management in Kubernetes

Creating a ConfigMap

Updating a ConfigMap

Consuming ConfigMaps from a Pod

Exercise 16: Create ConfigMaps from a Literal and a File

Secret Management

Secret Management Best Practices

Identifying Secrets

Decoupling Secrets from the Source Code

Rotating Secrets

Principle of Least Privilege

Preventing Printing Out Secrets on Application Logs

Encryption at Rest

Secret Management in Kubernetes

Creating a Secret

Updating a Secret

Consuming Secrets from a Pod

Exercise 17: Create and Update a Secret

Activity 6: Updating Configurations on the Fly

Storage Management

Storage Management in Kubernetes

Volume

emptyDir

gcePersistentDisk

glusterfs

Exercise 18: Use emptyDir Volume to Share Content Between Containers

Persistent Volume (PV)

Persistent Volume Claim (PVC)

Access Modes

Storage Class

Activity 7: Running a Persistent Database on Kubernetes

Summary

Chapter 7

Updating and Scaling an Application in Kubernetes

Updating an Application

Blue-Green Deployments

Rolling Updates

Canary Releases

Dark Launches and Feature Toggles

Software Update versus Software Upgrade

Updating an Application in Kubernetes

StatefulSet Update Strategies

OnDelete

RollingUpdate

Deployment Update Strategies

Recreate

RollingUpdate

Performing Blue-Green Deployment in Kubernetes

Performing Rolling Updates in Kubernetes

maxSurge

maxUnavailable

Updating a Deployment Using a Rolling Update

Updating an Application using Helm

Exercise 19: Updating a Deployment in Kubernetes Using a Rolling Update

Scaling an Application

Horizontal versus Vertical Scaling

Autoscaling

Strong versus Eventual Consistency

Scaling an Application in Kubernetes

Exercise 20: Scaling a Deployment Up and Down in Kubernetes

Horizontal Pod Auto-Scaler (HPA)

Activity 8: Enabling Autoscaling and Performing a Rolling Update

Summary

Chapter 8

Troubleshooting Applications in Kubernetes

Introduction

Troubleshooting

Identifying the Problem

Improving Tests

Documentation

Tools

Logging

Logging levels

Troubleshooting Applications in Kubernetes

Pod Life Cycle

Pod Status

Pod Conditions

Condition Types

Pod Phase

Restart Policy

Container States

Auto Recovery

Health checks

Liveness Probe

Readiness Probe

Exercise 21: Using Liveness and Readiness Probes in Kubernetes

Creating a Termination Log

Handy Commands for Troubleshooting

Other Handy Commands

Action Commands

Suggestions for Some Common Problems

Lack of Resources

Image Pull Failure

Exercise 22: Fixing a Pod Failure in Kubernetes

Ask the Community

Activity 9: Troubleshooting an Application in Kubernetes

Summary

Chapter 9

Monitoring Applications in Kubernetes

Monitoring

Infrastructure Monitoring

Application Performance Monitoring (APM)

Alerting

Tools

Monitoring Applications in Kubernetes

Prometheus

Alertmanager

Grafana

Creating a Dashboard in Grafana

Exercise 23: Installing Prometheus and Grafana

Custom Metrics

Exercise 24: Exposing a Custom Metric in Prometheus

Exposed Metrics in Kubernetes

Slack

Incoming Webhooks

Exercise 25: Signing Up for Slack and Creating a Workspace

Activity 10: Setting Up Alert Notifications in Kubernetes

Summary

Appendix

Chapter 1: Introduction to DevOps

Activity 1: CI/CD Pipeline for the DevOps Blog

Solution:

Chapter 2: Introduction to Microservices and Containers

Activity 2: Installing a WordPress Blog and Database Using Docker

Chapter 3: Introduction to Kubernetes

Activity 3: Installing a WordPress Blog and Database on Kubernetes

Chapter 4: Creating a Kubernetes Cluster

Activity 4: Migrating a Running Application in Kubernetes Cluster

Chapter 5: Deploy an Application to Kubernetes

Activity 5: Installing and Scaling a WordPress Blog in Kubernetes Using Helm

Chapter 6: Configuration and Storage Management in Kubernetes

Activity 6: Updating Configurations on the Fly

Activity 7: Running a Persistent Database on Kubernetes

Solution:

Chapter 7: Updating and Scaling an Application in Kubernetes

Activity 8: Enabling Autoscaling and Performing a Rolling Update

Solution:

Chapter 8: Troubleshooting Applications in Kubernetes

Activity 9: Troubleshooting an Application in Kubernetes

Chapter 9: Monitoring Applications in Kubernetes

Activity 10: Setting Up Alert Notifications in Kubernetes