谜语、悖论、难题，几千年来，总有些棘手的逻辑问题既让人类的心灵感到困惑，又让人难以抗拒。如今，罗伊·索伦森教授给我们带来了一部关于悖论的叙事史。他的叙述从古 希腊始，穿过中世纪、启蒙运动，直到20世纪，引人胜又让人大眼界。在书中，他仔细地审视了哲学史上许多著名悖论以及提出这些悖论的哲学家们——始于那些启发阿那克西曼德去建立个形而上学体系的民间谜语，终于路德维希·维特根斯坦和W. V. 蒯因之类的思想家。同时，他按照编年史的体例将这些内容分为二十四章，每一章都把一位哲学家和一个重要的悖论结合起来，以亲切易懂的方式阐述在解决这些谜题的过程中曾被采用的策略，并且将谜题扩充至更加广阔的领域。随着索伦森教授的生动讲述，读者可以与芝诺、苏格拉底、阿奎那、奥卡姆、帕斯卡、康德、黑格尔等许多哲学家一起深悖论的纠结之处，一同寻找思维魔方的解决办法。

“人是自己命运的主宰。”——观念，推动历史改辙18世纪，是启蒙的世纪。从爱丁堡到那不勒斯，从巴黎到柏林，从波士顿到费城，“自由”是这个时代的纲领，它让人倍感欣喜：光荣的独立前景和大展宏图的无限机会向所有人敞了。人类有史以来首次将自信建立在现实基础上，各个阶层的人们自信满满，始相信理性和行动的力量。启蒙哲人们着手设计了各种改造秩序的方案——社会、伦理、科学、艺术、政治、教育……就此，挥别古老的过去，今日世界在他们手中诞生。历史如何在自由观念的冲下改头换面？个人如何在启蒙精神的照耀下主宰命运？现代史学巨擘彼得·盖伊，为我们娓娓道来。

《美学三境》 美之境界是人类生命的“高级精神食粮”。本书内容包含王国维对美与艺术的基本观念，对审美、艺术等问题的具体见解。王国维个性鲜明，《美学三境》给大家传递的是“高级美”。让你不仅能“谈美”“讲美”更能在平凡的生命中活出人生该有的样子，绽放出属于自己独一无二的美。 《谈美》 本书从“谈美”为“免俗” “人心净化”的目标出发，顺着美从哪里来、美是什么？及美的特，这一脉络层层展，娓娓道来，抒发了这位美学大师的人格理想、审美理想。提出了他的美学研究的理想目标，即“人生的艺术化”，它是个人修养、快乐的源泉，也是净化社会、净化人心、解决社会问题的根本良方。 《宗白华美学二十讲》 本书立足中国传统美学，系统梳理宗白华在中国美学方面的文章20篇，从中国艺术到绘画、书法、音乐、建筑、文艺等方面分别阐述，展现宗白华在中国美学方面的成果。让读者深到中国数千年民族艺术的精魂中，感受到人的生命在艺术的美中缓缓流动，形成中国独特的美学体验和创造。 是一部了解和学习中传统艺术和美学不可错过的杰作。即便初学者也感受到一种忘我的美感情思，沉潜到对中国文化审美的热爱中去。使人生的生活成为艺术品似的创造。让每一位为俗务所纷扰的现代读者，每一个渴望自由宁静的现代心灵，都能在先生灵动的文字里，充分感受人间的诗意和对生命的憧憬。

本书结合考古发现、辑佚资料、传世文献及学界成果，主要从思想史、学术史、文学史的角度手，着力于理清孟子与汉代四家诗之间的深层渊源，并对《孟子》在汉代《诗》学发展中的地位和作用予以重新探讨。正文共分五章。章是对孟子与战国秦汉《诗》学发展关系的纵向考察，主要从学术渊源、地缘关系、时代变换与孟子地位变迁三个层面，探讨孟子与周秦两汉的《诗》学渊源。第二、三、四、五章分别以鲁、齐、韩、毛四家诗为主体，从各自的学术渊源、经学特征、诗学主旨、诗义承袭和学者受等角度，分析了孟子与四家诗的深层关联。

细论老子之学，极其博大而尽精微，极其悠久而通造化，以自然为宗，大道为体，以天地为炉，以万物为化。其内修，重在以清虚谦退自守，以柔弱卑下自持，以恬憺寂静自适，以归真返朴自颐。其应世之法，则以无为为大为，以无用为大用，以无治为至治，以不争为至争。广大精微，本末备具，与时推移，因物变化，综三代之统，赅百家之长。本书分八大部份，层层解析：（1）本文。（2）章旨。（3）注释。（4）传统译解。（5）玄妙义疏。（6）周易贯通之参悟。（7）南华经旁通。（8）史証之启示与应世之方。 本书之完成，但愿「道」「德」的木铎声，成为提升人类精神境界的「加油站」，共勉之。

　　这是一本借助佛学智慧，通晓人生哲理的身心灵修养书。 　　佛学是一个“百宝箱”，从肤浅的做人做事的技巧，到深的生命哲学，里面应有尽有。本书主要选择跟现实生活息息相关的内容加以介绍，例如，怎样美化自我形象？怎样赢得他人的爱和尊重？怎样和他人友好相处？怎样体验快乐富足的生活？怎样解脱烦恼、痛苦？怎样应对生活中的挫折和不幸？怎样擦亮慧眼、获得真正的智慧？怎样追求自己的人生目标？怎样为自己播种福缘？怎样安顿自己迷茫的灵魂？等等。

n eseul Despre prostie (ber die Dummheit, 1937) subiectul este tratat, ca de obicei, cu toate resursele familiare autorului: analiza filosofic se combin cu observaiile de tip psihologic i cu constatri din istorie i politologie. Dei proiectul iniiat de acest eseu nu a fost finalizat, se remarc, totui, atenta cartografiere a fenomenelor asociate prostiei, tratate n stilul ironiei constructive“, att de specific lui Musil.

Imagineaz?-?i c? e?ti într-o ma?in? a timpului care te poart? înainte ?i înapoi prin propria via??. Te duce în trecut, la anii copil?riei, când înv??ai s? mergi pe biciclet?, apoi te face s? revezi primul t?u s?rut, cel dintâi serviciu sau anii mai târzii, când te confrun?i, eventual, cu divor?ul. Înso?it de Platon, afl? ce spun marii gânditori ai lumii despre toate aceste pietre de hotar de pe drumul vie?ii noastre. Aristotel î?i va vorbi despre importan?a începerii ?colii, Freud despre îndr?gostire, Heidegger despre implica?iile psihologice ale mutatului, iar Nietzsche despre criza vârstei de mijloc. La drum cu Platon te ajut? s? în?elegi ?i s? vezi cu al?i ochi evenimentele majore, momentele-cheie ?i fazele de tranzi?ie din via?a ta, f?când filosofia s? par? accesibil? ?i plin? de umor!

A fi rom?n? ?E o ru?ine!“, exclama Cioran. ?n ce m?sur? filosoful de la Paris avea dreptate? Ce ?nseamn? ?a fi rom?n“ ?ntr-o fals? tranzi?ie care aparent nu se mai termin?? La aceste ?i multe alte ?ntreb?ri ?ncearc? s? r?spund? scriitorul Ionel Necula ?n opus-ul de fa??, care ?nsumeaz? analize ale r?sturn?rilor sociale evidente, ?nregistrate ?n ultimii ?aptesprezece ani. Nu ?ntotdeauna comod, spiritul coroziv al autorului ??i spune cuv?ntul, av?nd uneori accente incendiare.

Diderot, tanr?sal, dinsel inanc?n yerine akl? ge?iren adamd?r, onun sava??m? buydu ve bütün k?r inan?lar? silip süpüren bu ak?l, g?rünen dünyay?, do?ay?, felsefenin, sanat?n, sa? t?renin temel ilkesi durumuna getirdi. Diderot’un yayg?n ?al??ma alan?n? olu?turan ilkedir bu. Maddeci ve gerekirci bir filozoftu. tanr?ya inanan ki?inin filozof olmayaca??n? s?yledi. 'K?rler üstüne mektup'taki k?r, kendini tanr?ya inand?rmaya ?al??an misyonere "bunun i?in tanr?ya parma??mla dokunmam gerekir" der. Diderot, bu yüzden hapse girdi. 'D'alembert'in dü?ü'nde, madde tanr?n?n yerini alm??t?r art?k. Madde devinim ve duyarl?l?kla donat?lm??t?r. Bilim gerekircili?in kan?t?d?r. Bütün varl?klar ?z?e birdir ve bir ge?i?, de?i?im, olu?um süreci i?inde bulunurlar. ?yle ise sa? t?renin temeli do?a olacakt?r. Do?as? gere?i insan iyidir, hristiyan sagtoresinin sand??? gibi do?u?tan günahkar de?il ve iyilikler de, k?tülükler de, düzenin, ko?ullar?n, e?itimin ürünüdür. ?nsan, bu gerekircilik anlay??? i?inde, ?zgür olamayaca?? i?in, su?lu da bulunamaz. bu üslama sonucu olarak sanat, do?ay? ?rnek almal?d?r. roman, resim, oyun ger?ek?i olmal?d?r. Diderot, bunlar? s?ylemekle kalmam??, romanlar? ve oyunlar? ile ?rneklendirmi?tir de ve ?a??n?n sanat??lar?n? bu a??dan de?erlendirmi?tir. Diderot, büyük sava??m? ve e?siz ?abas? ile insanl???n ba?tac?d?r bugün de ve onu b?ylesine unutulmaz k?lan i?lerinin ba??nda ise elbet 'ansiklopedi' gelir. 'Ansiklopedi', yunanca enkyklios paidela'dan yap?lm??t?r ve bütün bilimleri i?ine alan ??retim anlam?na gelir. s?zcü?ü bulan rabelais'dir (1532). Diderot ile d'alembert'in ansiklopedisine temel olan yap?t, ?ng?l?z chambers’?n cyelopaedia’s? idi; fakat diderot'nun etkisi ile ansiklopedi, bir ?eviri yap?t olmaktan ??k?p, gizemcili?e kar?? bilimin sava? alan? durumunu ald?. Bu yüzden de gerici ?evrelerin kar?? koymas?n? sonu?lad?. diderot, ya?am? boyunca ?al??t? 'ansiklopedi' i?in, bir?ok maddeyi kendisi yazd?. bu u?urda yepyeni ara?t?rmalara giri?ti, teknik de?i?mekte oldu?u i?in ortaya yeni ara?-gere?ler ??kmakta idi, bunlar? tan?d?, adland?rd?, tan?tt? ve fransa'y? ayd?nlanma ?a??'n?n avrupa'da g?zbebe?i durumuna getirdi. Ancak unutmamal? ki, bir ansiklopedi ortaya ??karan her ülkeyi ayd?nlanma ?a??'n? alg?lam?? sayamay?z. ?o?u ülkede bu tür yap?tlar, geni?letilmi? s?zlükler olmaktan ileri gidememi?tir. diderot’nun ansiklopedisi, toplu bilgi vermekten ?ok, dinsel inan?lara kar?? bilimlerin ??retimini üstlenmi?ti, demek yans?z de?ildi, metafizikle ve skolastikle ?arp???yordu..

Critica ra?iunii pure, tradus? de Nicolae Bagdasar ?i Elena Moisuc ?n 1969, a ajuns la cea de-a treia edi?ie. Cu acest prilej, profesorul dr. Ilie P?rvu, de la Facultatea de Filosofie a Universit??ii din Bucure?ti a ?ngrijit noua opera?ie de editare, fiind astfel corectate unele erori de tipar ?i unele inconsecven?e terminologice. Totodat?, exist? un motiv ?n plus pentru ca studen?ii care posed? edi?ia a II-a a traducerii, ap?rut? ?n 1995, s? apeleze ?i la cea de-a treia edi?ie: ?n aceasta din urm? au fost indicate diferen?ele dintre edi?ia I german? (din 1781) ?i edi?ia a II-a (din 1787).

Volumul red? circuitului public, pentru prima oar? ?n limba rom?n?, trei din operele g?nditorului atenian. Este vorba de Scrisori (?n num?r de treisprezece, deosebit de importante pentru cunoa?terea g?ndirii platoniciene, dar ?i pentru ?n?elegerea epocii ?i a personalit??ilor cu care a venit ?n contact filosoful), Dialoguri suspecte (Minos, Rivalii, Theages, Hipparhos, Clitofon) ?i Dialoguri apocrife (Axiohos, Despre drept, Despre virtute, Demodocus, Sisyfos, Eryxias).Traducerea apara?ine lui ?tefan Bezdechi, care a realizat ?i aparatul critic al Scrisorilor (introducere ?i note).

DAVID HUME (1711 – 1776) was a Scottish philosopher, historian, economist, and essayist known especially for his philosophical empiricism and skepticism. He was one of the most important figures in the history of Western philosophy and the Scottish Enlightenment. Hume is often grouped with John Locke, George Berkeley, and a handful of others as a British Empiricist. Beginning with his A Treatise of Human Nature (1739), Hume strove to create a total naturalistic "science of man" that examined the psychological basis of human nature. In stark opposition to the rationalists who preceded him, most notably Descartes, he concluded that desire rather than reason governed human behaviour, saying: "REASON IS, and OUGHT ONLY to BE the SLAVE of the PASSIONS". A prominent figure in the sceptical philosophical tradition and a strong empiricist, he argued against the existence of innate ideas, concluding instead that humans have knowledge only of things they directly experience.. NOTHING is more usual and more natural for those, who pretend to discover anything new to the world in philosophy and the sciences, than to insinuate the praises of their own systems, by decrying all those, which have been advanced before them. And indeed were they content with lamenting that ignorance, which we still lie under in the most important questions, that can come before the tribunal of human reason, there are few, who have an acquaintance with the sciences, that would not readily agree with them. It is easy for one of judgment and learning, to perceive the weak foundation even of those systems, which have obtained the greatest credit, and have carried their pretensions highest to accurate and profound reasoning. Principles taken upon trust, consequences lamely deduced from them, want of coherence in the parts, and of evidence in the whole, these are every where to be met with in the systems of the most eminent philosophers, and seem to have drawn disgrace upon philosophy itself. Nor is there required such profound knowledge to discover the present imperfect condition of the sciences, but even the rabble without doors may, judge from the noise and clamour, which they hear, that all goes not well within. There is nothing which is not the subject of debate, and in which men of learning are not of contrary opinions. The most trivial question escapes not our controversy, and in the most momentous we are not able to give any certain decision. Disputes are multiplied, as if every thing was uncertain; and these disputes are managed with the greatest warmth, as if every thing was certain. Amidst all this bustle it is not reason, which carries the prize, but eloquence; and no man needs ever despair of gaining proselytes to the most extravagant hypothesis, who has art enough to represent it in any favourable colours. The victory is not gained by the men at arms, who manage the pike and the sword; but by the trumpeters, drummers, and musicians of the army. From hence in my opinion arises that common prejudice against metaphysical reasonings of all kinds, even amongst those, who profess themselves scholars, and have a just value for every other part of literature. By metaphysical reasonings, they do not understand those on any particular branch of science, but every kind of argument, which is any way abstruse, and requires some attention to be comprehended. We have so often lost our labour in such researches, that we commonly reject them without hesitation, and resolve, if we must for ever be a prey to errors and delusions, that they shall at least be natural and entertaining. And indeed nothing but the most determined scepticism, along with a great degree of indolence, can justify this aversion to metaphysics. For if truth be at all within the reach of human capacity, it is certain it must lie very deep and abstruse: and to hope we shall arrive at it without pains, while the greatest geniuses have failed with the utmost pains..

Ralph Waldo Emerson, was born at Boston in 1803 into a distinguished family of New England Unitarian ministers. His was the eighth generation to enter the ministry in a dynasty that reached back to the earliest days of Puritan America. Despite the death of his father when Emerson was only eleven, he was able to be educated at Boston Latin School and then Harvard, from which he graduated in 1821. After several years of reluctant school teaching, he returned to the Harvard Divinity School, entering the Unitarian ministry during a period of robust ecclesiastic debate. By 1829 Emerson was married and well on his way to a promising career in the church through his appointment to an important congregation in Boston. However, his career in the ministry did not last long. Following the death of his first wife, Ellen, his private religious doubts led him to announce his resignation to his congregation, claiming he was unable to preach a doctrine he no longer believed and that "to be a good minister it was necessary to leave the ministry."With the modest legacy left him from his first wife, Emerson was able to devote himself to study and travel. In Europe he met many of the important Romantic writers whose ideas on art, philosophy, and literature were transforming the writing of the Nineteenth Century. He also continued to explore his own ideas in a series of voluminous journals which he had kept from his earliest youth and from which virtually all of his literary creation would be generated. Taking up residence in Concord, Massachusetts, Emerson devoted himself to study, writing and a series of public lectures in the growing lyceum movement. From these lyceum addresses Emerson developed and then in 1836 published his most important work, Nature. Its publication also coincided with his organizing role in the Transcendental Club, a group of leading New England educators, clergy, and intellectuals interested in idealistic religion, philosophy, and literature.

The Prince (Italian: Il Principe) is a political treatise by the Italian diplomat, historian and political theorist Niccolò Machiavelli. From correspondence a version appears to have been distributed in 1513, using a Latin title, De Principatibus (About Principalities). But the printed version was not published until 1532, five years after Machiavelli's death. This was done with the permission of the Medici pope Clement VII, but "long before then, in fact since the first appearance of the Prince in manuscript, controversy had swirled about his writings" Although it was written as if it were a traditional work in the Mirror of Princes style, it is generally agreed that it was especially innovative, and not only because it was written in Italian rather than Latin. The Prince is sometimes claimed to be one of the first works of modern philosophy, in which the effective truth is taken to be more important than any abstract ideal. It was also in direct conflict with the dominant Catholic and scholastic doctrines of the time concerning how to consider politics and ethics. Although it is relatively short, the treatise is the most remembered of his works and the one most responsible for bringing "Machiavellian" into wide usage as a pejorative term. It also helped make "Old Nick" an English term for the devil, and even contributed to the modern negative connotations of the words "politics" and "politician" in western countries. In terms of subject matter it overlaps with the much longer Discourses on Livy, which was written a few years later. In its use of examples who were politically active Italians who perpetrated criminal deeds for politics, another lesser-known work by Machiavelli which The Prince has been compared to is the Life of Castruccio Castracani. The descriptions within The Prince have the general theme of accepting that ends of princes, such as glory, and indeed survival, can justify the use of immoral means to achieve those ends.

O que somos?De onde viemos?!Para onde vamos? A que caminhos a vida nos leva? Essas e outras quest?es aflitivas e de todos os tempos nos s?o solucionadas por León Denis neste opúsculo. Filho da dor, Denis sabe, como você também, o quanto viver, muitas vezes é sofrer. E por isso apresenta, de modo t?o leve a solu??o espírita, racional, para o problema do existir. Mais do que um livro de Filosofia espírita, você tem em m?os palavras de consolo e estímulo para que cada trope?o do caminho seja compreendido e por assim dizer, aproveitado! Venha acompanhar-nos nesta viagem e descubra, em rápidos parágrafos os porquês de sua vida, da nossa vida, do planeta, do Universo.? Aos poucos, entenderemos com a lógica espírita como tudo esta em seu devido lugar.

Dignità o miseria della natura umana? ?C'è un principio supposto prevalere tra molti che è del tutto incompatibile con ogni virtù o senso morale [...] Questo principio è che ogni benevolenza è mera ipocrisia, l'amicizia un inganno, lo spirito pubblico una farsa, la fedeltà un trucco per procurare fiducia e confidenza; e mentre tutti noi, in fondo, perseguiamo solo il nostro interesse privato, indossiamo questi bei travestimenti in modo da abbassare le difese degli altri ed esporli maggiormente alle nostre astuzie e macchinazioni?... Le meditazioni senza tempo di uno dei più grandi filosofi europei. SOMMARIO: Introduzione e avvertenza ai testi / Nota bibliografica: una mappa degli studi (di Fabrizio Pinna) - David Hume: Dignità o miseria della natura umana? / L'Amore di Sé. APPENDICE: Of the Dignity or Meanness of Human Nature; Of Self-love; My Own Life & Letter from Adam Smith, LL. D. to William Strahan, Esq.; Of the Reason of Animals; Of the Immortality of the Soul; Of Superstition and Enthusiasm; Of some Verbal Disputes. LE COLLANE IN/DEFINIZIONI & CON(TRO)TESTI

　《图解楞严经：绚丽的佛法百科全书（白话图解）》与《法华经》《华严经》《金刚经》等并尊为“经中之王”，有“自从一读《楞严》后，不看人间糟粕书”等赞誉。它是一部“佛法百科全书”，更是一部指导人们修证的系统修炼手册。它还是佛教正法的代表，被历代高僧大德誉为统摄佛教经论的教海指南和禅宗正眼，很久以来就有“《楞严》兴，正法兴，《楞严》灭，正法灭”的悬记。 　　由于《楞严经》文字古奥、义理深邃，许多有心要精研《楞严经》的读者都不免要兴望洋之叹。为此，我们另辟蹊径出版了这本书。 　　《图解楞严经：绚丽的佛法百科全书（白话图解）》共分为五章，分别讲述了《楞严经》的方方面面，包括本经的地位、历史、争议、经题和译者等内容，其中以圆瑛大师的《楞严经讲义》为蓝本，综合各家的的注疏和讲解，精编成一篇篇通俗易懂的短文，同时，以60个系统结构表和严谨流程图，200幅精美绘图和佛像，用全新图解手法综合创意，使古老佛经焕发新鲜活力。

南怀瑾先生常谓：立国之本是文化。中华民族历经千年万载，文化渊远流长，在新世纪到来之初，世界瞬息万变，炎黄子孙又该何去何从？ 本书为南怀瑾先生于廿一世纪初应各方邀请之讲课记录，内容涉及广泛，但终不离文化之根本；除凸显众所关心之话题，更望能唤起读者对文化教育之重视。

当今社会，到处洋溢着“透明”的热情，而人们的当务之急是培养一下对距离的热情。 距离和羞耻心无法被纳资本、信息及交际的高速循环。因此，人们便以“透明”的名义消除了所有谨慎的回旋余地。它们被照得通亮，被剥夺殆尽。世界也因此变得更加无耻、更加赤裸。 恰恰于信任不在时，人们对“透明”的呼求声才愈发响亮。在以信任为基础的社会中，人们是不会执意要求透明的。透明社会是一个不信任的、怀疑的社会，由于信任日渐消失，社会便始依赖监控。对透明的大声呼求恰恰表明，社会的道德基础已然脆弱不堪，真诚、正直等道德价值越来越失去意义。 作为一项新的社会命令，透明正在取代日渐式微的道德审查机构。 ------------- 韩炳哲作品系列（见识城邦出品）（已出齐） 《精神政治学》（2019年3月） Psychopolitik 《爱欲之死》（2019年3月） Agonie des Eros 《在群中》（2019年3月） Im Schwarm 《他者的消失》（2019年6月） Die Austreibung des Anderen 《倦怠社会》（2019年6月） Müdigkeitsgesellschaft 《娱乐何为》（2019年6月） Gute Unterhaltung 《暴力拓扑学》（2019年10月） Topologie der Gewalt 《透明社会》（2019年10月） Transparenzgesellschaft 《美的救赎》（2019年10月） Die Errettung des Sch?nen

《参同契》又名《周易参同契》，为东汉魏伯阳著。其学说汇融周易、黄老、丹火之功于一体，用《易》的阴阳变化之理，阐述炼丹、内养之道，证明人与天地、宇宙有同体、同功而异用的法则。??《我说<参同契>》是南怀瑾先生继《论语别裁》后用力*深、*有分量的作品之一，共八十余万言，分上、中、下三册。内容涉及广泛，旁征博引，举证极多，更有南师本人所经历的诸多奇特的人和事，是国人了解、解读《参同契》这部“天书”的选择。