Philip Massinger was baptized at St. Thomas's in Salisbury on November 24th, 1583.Massinger is described in his matriculation entry at St. Alban Hall, Oxford (1602), as the son of a gentleman. His father, who had also been educated there, was a member of parliament, and attached to the household of Henry Herbert, 2nd Earl of Pembroke. The Earl was later seen as a potential patron for Massinger.He left Oxford in 1606 without a degree. His father had died in 1603, and accounts suggest that Massinger was left with no financial support this, together with rumours that he had converted to Catholicism, meant the next stage of his career needed to provide an income.Massinger went to London to make his living as a dramatist, but he is only recorded as author some fifteen years later, when The Virgin Martyr (1621) is given as the work of Massinger and Thomas Dekker.During those early years as a playwright he wrote for the Elizabethan stage entrepreneur, Philip Henslowe. It was a difficult existence. Poverty was always close and there was constant pleading for advance payments on forthcoming works merely to survive.After Henslowe died in 1616 Massinger and John Fletcher began to write primarily for the King's Men and Massinger would write regularly for them until his death.The tone of the dedications in later plays suggests evidence of his continued poverty. In the preface of The Maid of Honour (1632) he wrote, addressing Sir Francis Foljambe and Sir Thomas Bland: "e;I had not to this time subsisted, but that I was supported by your frequent courtesies and favours."e;The prologue to The Guardian (1633) refers to two unsuccessful plays and two years of silence, when the author feared he had lost popular favour although, from the little evidence that survives, it also seems he had involved some of his plays with political characters which would have cast shadows upon England's alliances.Philip Massinger died suddenly at his house near the Globe Theatre on March 17th, 1640. He was buried the next day in the churchyard of St. Saviour's, Southwark, on March 18th, 1640. In the entry in the parish register he is described as a "e;stranger,"e; which, however, implies nothing more than that he belonged to another parish.

Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol was born on 31st March 1809 in present day Ukraine which was then the Russian Cossack village of Sorochyntsi. Nikolai's parents were relatively affluent; his mother's family were Polish landowners and his father, who wrote poetry in Ukrainian and Russian, was a descendant of Ukrainian Cossacks. Nikolai had a good education and started writing as a teenager whilst still at school although did consider becoming an actor due to his formidable talent at mimicry. On leaving school he went to St Petersburg but found it hard getting any work either in the civil service or as an actor. He self published a romantic poem but it was critically savaged to the extent that he swore never to write poetry again and also considered emigrating to the US. Fortunately, he persevered with his writing and produced a series of stories about his home in Ukraine in a colloquial and whimsical style that captured many literary admirers including the esteemed poet Pushkin. Nikolai was eventually able to abandon his work teaching and produced powerful books brilliantly and savagely satirising the inequities of the Russian system and its corrupt bureaucracy. His creative talents declined in later years and he became heavily influenced by a sadistic fanatical priest and died semi insane on 4th March 1852. He remains the father of Russian realism as evidenced here by his classic 'Dead Souls'

Eugene Gladstone O'Neill was born on October 16, 1888 in a hotel bedroom in what is now Times Square, New York. Much of his childhood was spent in the comfort of books at boarding schools whilst his actor father was on the road and his Mother contended with her own demons. He spent only a year at University - Princeton - and various reasons have been given for his departure. However whatever his background and education denied or added to his development it is agreed amongst all that he was a playwright of the first rank and possibly America's greatest. His introduction of realism into American drama was instrumental in its development and paved a path for many talents thereafter. Of course his winning of both the Pulitzer Prize (4 times) and the Nobel Prize are indicative of his status. His more famous and later works do side with the disillusionment and personal tragedy of those on the fringes of society but continue to build upon ideas and structures he incorporated in his early one act plays. Eugene O'Neill suffered from various health problems, mainly depression and alcoholism. In the last decade he also faced a Parkinson's like tremor in his hands which made writing increasingly difficult. But out of such difficulties came plays of the calibre of The Iceman Cometh, Long Day's Journey Into Night, and A Moon for the Misbegotten. Eugene O'Neill died in Room 401 of the Sheraton Hotel on Bay State Road in Boston, on November 27, 1953, at the age of 65. As he was dying, he whispered his last words: "e;I knew it. I knew it. Born in a hotel room and died in a hotel room."e;

Thomas Middleton was born in London in April 1580 and baptised on 18th April. Middleton was aged only five when his father died. His mother remarried but this unfortunately fell apart into a fifteen year legal dispute regarding the inheritance due Thomas and his younger sister. By the time he left Oxford, at the turn of the Century, Middleton had and published Microcynicon: Six Snarling Satirese which was denounced by the Archbishop of Canterbury and publicly burned. In the early years of the 17th century, Middleton wrote topical pamphlets. One - Penniless Parliament of Threadbare Poets was reprinted several times and the subject of a parliamentary inquiry. These early years writing plays continued to attract controversy. His writing partnership with Thomas Dekker brought him into conflict with Ben Jonson and George Chapman in the so-called War of the Theatres. His finest work with Dekker was undoubtedly The Roaring Girl, a biography of the notorious Mary Frith. In the 1610s, Middleton began another playwriting partnership, this time with the actor William Rowley, producing another slew of plays including Wit at Several Weapons and A Fair Quarrel. The ever adaptable Middleton seemed at ease working with others or by himself. His solo writing credits include the comic masterpiece, A Chaste Maid in Cheapside, in 1613. In 1620 he was officially appointed as chronologer of the City of London, a post he held until his death. The 1620s saw the production of his and Rowley's tragedy, and continual favourite, The Changeling, and of several other tragicomedies. However in 1624, he reached a peak of notoriety when his dramatic allegory A Game at Chess was staged by the King's Men. Though Middleton's approach was strongly patriotic, the Privy Council silenced the play after only nine performances at the Globe theatre, having received a complaint from the Spanish ambassador. What happened next is a mystery. It is the last play recorded as having being written by Middleton. Thomas Middleton died at his home at Newington Butts in Southwark in the summer of 1627, and was buried on July 4th, in St Mary's churchyard which today survives as a public park in Elephant and Castle.

schylus is often regarded as the father of Greek tragedy; he moved play writing from the simple interaction of a single character and a chorus to one where many characters interact and thereby create more dynamic and dramatic situations. schylus, was the son of Euphorion, and a scion of a Eupatrid or noble family. He was born at Eleusis 525 B.C., or, as the Greeks calculated time, in the fourth year of the 63rd Olympiad. He first worked at a vineyard and whilst there claimed to have been visited by Dionysis in a dream and told to turn his attention to the tragic art. It was a dream that would deliver a rich and incredible legacy through his writing talents. His earliest tragedy, composed when he was twenty-six years of age, failed to win the fabled Dionysia, (a revered festival of theatre) and it was not until fifteen years later that he gained this victory in 484BC going on to win it again in 472 BC (for The Persians), 467 BC (for Seven Against Thebes) and 463 BC (for The Suppliants). schylus was also known for his military skills and was ready to fight in defence of Athens whenever the call was made. He and his brother, Cynegeirus, fought against Darius's invading Persian army at the Battle of Marathon in 490 BCE and, although the Greeks won against overwhelming odds, Cynegeirus died in the battle, which had a naturally had a profound effect on schylus. He made several visits to the important Greek city of Syracuse in Sicily at the invitation of the tyrant Hieron, and it is thought that he also travelled extensively in the region of Thrace. His writing continued to be the envy of others. With the series of plays of which Seven Against Thebes was a part, his supremacy was undisputed. He was the "e;father of tragedy."e; schylus made many changes to dramatic form. The importance of the chorus was demoted and a second added to give prominence to the dialogue and making that interchange the leading feature of the play. He removed all deeds of bloodshed from the public view, and in their place provided various spectacular elements, improving the costumes, making the masks more expressive and convenient, and probably adopting the cothurnus to increase the stature of the performers. Finally, he established the custom of contending for the prize with trilogies, an inter-connecting set of three independent dramas. The closing years of the life of schylus were mainly spent in Sicily, which he had first visited soon after his defeat at the Dionysia by Sophocles. schylus returned to Athens to produce his Orestean trilogy, probably the finest of his works, although the Eumenides, the last of the three plays, revealed so openly his aristocratic tendencies that he became extremely unpopular, and returned to Sicily for the last time in 458 BCE and it was there that he died, while visiting the city of Gela in 456 or 455 BCE.

If ever a writer needed an introduction Arthur Conan Doyle would not be considered that man. After all, Sherlock Holmes is perhaps the foremost literary detective of any age. Add to this canon his stories of science fiction and his poems, his historical novels, his plays, his political campaigning, his efforts in establishing a Court Of Appeal and there is little room for anything else. Except he was also an exceptional writer of short stories of the horrific and macabre. Something very different from what you might expect. Born in Arthur Conan Doyle was born on 22 May 1859 at 11 Picardy Place, Edinburgh, Scotland. From 1876 - 1881 he studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh following which he was employed as a doctor on the Greenland whaler Hope of Peterhead in 1880 and, after his graduation, as a ship's surgeon on the SS Mayumba during a voyage to the West African coast in 1881. Arriving in Portsmouth in June of that year with less than GBP10 (GBP700 today) to his name, he set up a medical practice at 1 Bush Villas in Elm Grove, Southsea. The practice was initially not very successful. While waiting for patients, Conan Doyle again began writing stories and composed his first novel The Mystery of Cloomber. Although he continued to study and practice medicine his career was now firmly set as a writer. And thereafter great works continued to pour out of him.

　　《哈姆雷特》由英国剧作家威廉•莎士比亚创作，是莎士比亚所有戏剧中篇幅非常长、非常负盛名的剧本。戏剧讲述了叔叔克劳狄斯谋害了哈姆雷特的父亲，篡取了王位，并娶了国王的遗孀乔特鲁德，哈姆雷特王子因此为父王向叔叔复仇的故事。《哈姆雷特》同《麦克白》《李尔王》《奥赛罗》被公认为莎士比亚“四大悲剧”。

　　《奥赛罗》是莎士比亚的四大悲剧之一。奥赛罗是威尼斯公国一员勇将。他与元老的女儿苔丝狄梦娜相爱。但由于他是黑人，婚事未被允许。两人只好私下成婚。奥赛罗手下有一个阴险的旗官伊阿古，一心想除掉奥赛罗。他先是向元老告密，不料却促成了两人的婚事。他又挑拨奥赛罗与苔丝狄梦娜的感情，说另一名副将凯西奥与苔丝狄梦娜关系不同寻常，并伪造了所谓定情信物等。奥赛罗信以为真，在愤怒中掐死了自己的妻子。当他得知真相后，悔恨之余拔剑自刎，倒在了苔丝狄梦娜身边。 伊阿古*后阴谋败露，也得到了应有的惩罚。

　　《仲夏夜之梦》是威廉•莎士比亚创作的一部富有浪漫色彩的喜剧作品。故事发生在古希腊的雅典，年轻的赫米娅与拉山德相爱，可是赫米娅的父亲却希望她嫁给狄米特律斯，为此赫米娅与拉山德逃到城外的一片森林里。此时，为了给雅典公爵提修斯和美丽的希波吕妲的盛大婚礼助兴，一群演员也在森株里排练一出喜剧。仙王还无意中得知海伦娜爱着狄米特律斯，就让浦克将一些花汁滴在狄米特律斯的眼里。这种花汁，拿来滴在他的眼睛里，那么他醒来就会狂热地爱上第1眼看到的人或动物。结果，拉山德醒来看到的是海伦娜，便不停地向她求爱，而把赫米娅忘掉了。仙王发现后。赶忙把花汁滴正在熟睡的狄米特律斯的眼中。狄米特律斯醒来，看到正被拉山德追赶的海伦娜，于是两人争先恐后地向海伦娜求爱。看到这样的情景，海伦娜和赫米娅都很生气。与此同时，仙后也中了计，爱上了一个排戏的演员波顿。*后，仙王给所有人解除了魔法，大家如愿以偿都得到了属于自己的一份爱情。

　　《第十二夜》由英国剧作家威廉•莎士比亚创作，以抒情的笔调、浪漫喜剧的形式，讴歌了人文主义对爱情和友谊的美好理想。戏剧讲述了塞巴斯蒂安和薇奥拉这一对孪生兄妹，在一次海上航行途中不幸遇难后各自侥幸脱险，流落到伊利里亚后发生的一番有趣的波折。*终，薇奥拉与奥西诺、奥丽维娅与西巴斯辛双双结成良缘。

·首位诺贝尔文学奖女作家代表作·融文艺性、知识性、科学性于一体·全瑞典学童的***课外读物

媒体有言：坊间流传一种说法，日本曾经有过3个人先后翻译《芬尼根的守灵夜》，*个失踪了，第二个神经出了毛病，第三个才*终翻译完…… 毫无疑问，爱尔兰作家詹姆斯·乔伊斯的《芬尼根的守灵夜》是英语中*难读的作品之一，它采用了意识流的写作风格，穿插着隐晦的笑话和语言实验。 这本书错综复杂，以至于在出版八十年后，人们仍然对其情节，甚至是否存在情节，都未达成共识。人物塑造也同样如此，评论家们至今仍不确定书中是否有主要人物。 《芬尼根的守灵夜》*初几乎完全是负面评价，甚至作者身边的人也持这种看法，一些人认为这本书只是个笑话，一些人则仅仅认为它难以理解。据说，赫伯特·乔治·威尔斯曾写信给乔伊斯问道：“这个乔伊斯究竟是谁？他竟然要求我花费我生命中仅剩的几千小时，才能真正理解他的怪癖、奇思妙想和灵光闪现？” 然而，它独特的风格引发了人们对它的研究和分析——这似乎是乔伊斯早有预谋的。他曾经说过，只有通过使它变得晦涩难懂，从而需要研究，他才能确保它会长期存在。 在2025年的上海书展上，这本书终于有了全译的中文版——足足有2300页之多。现在，我们提供它的一个英文版，或许可以对照看看，看看自己真的读懂了吗？读不懂当然没有关系，毕竟99.99%的人可能都读不懂！

本书作为我社“*经典英语文库”第14辑中的一种，精选由俄国著名作家F. 陀思妥耶夫斯基的经典作品《白痴》。作品对农奴制改革后俄国上层社会作了广泛的描绘，涉及复杂的心理和道德问题。表达了世界本是就是无法用理性去量化的，甚至是超越人的想象的。人无可探知、无法实现的都是不需要去思考的，去思考且去实践的人都是“白痴”这一深刻见解。

本书作为我社“*经典英语文库”第14辑中的一种，精选由法国著名作家巴尔扎克的经典作品《欧也妮·葛朗台》。作品收录于《人间喜剧》，叙述了一个金钱毁灭人性和造成家庭悲剧的故事，围绕欧也妮的爱情悲剧这一中心事件，以葛朗台家庭内专制所掀起的阵阵波澜、家庭外银行家和公证人两户之间的明争暗斗和欧也妮对夏尔·葛朗台倾心相爱而查理背信弃义的痛苦的人世遭遇三条相互交织的情节线索连串小说。

·英国*杰出的乡土小说家、诗人哈代的代表作·抨了维多利亚时代的道德观念及婚姻制度，具有深远的历史意义

划时代的不朽巨著·与达尔文的《物种起源》、哥白尼的《天体运行论》并称为导致人类思想革命的三大经典著作·标志着精神分析体系的正式建立，影响了二十世纪人类文明的发展

本书作为我社“*经典英语文库”第14辑中的一种，精选由俄国著名作家伊凡·屠格涅夫的经典作品《父与子》。小说反映了农奴制改革前夕民主主义阵营和自由主义阵营之间的尖锐的思想斗争。主人公巴扎罗夫是一个激的民主主义者，他具有坚强的性格和埋头工作的习惯。在政治上，他反对农奴制度，批判贵族自由主义，否定贵族的生活准则；在哲学上，他是个唯物主义者，重视实践，提倡实用科学。

告别碎片式阅读，从阅读经典开始。“最经典英语文库”系列丛书(14辑)共12册：《梦的解析》《悲惨世界（五卷之第五卷）》《尼尔斯骑鹅旅行记》《欧也妮·葛朗台》《白痴》《父与子》《一千零一夜（第二卷）》《神秘岛》《旧制度与法国大革命》《远航》《自由之路》《无名的裘德》。

No player in the history of baseball has left such an indelible mark on the game as San Francisco Giants outfielder Barry Bonds. In his twenty-year career, Bonds has amassed an unprecedented seven MVP awards, eight Gold Gloves, and more than seven hundred home runs, an impressive assortment of feats that has earned him consideration as one of the greatest players the game has ever seen. Equally deserved, however, is his reputation as an insufferable braggart, whose mythical home runs are rivaled only by his legendary ego. From his staggering ability and fabled pedigree (father Bobby played outfield for the Giants; cousin Reggie Jackson and godfather Willie Mays are both Hall of Famers) to his well-documented run-ins with teammates and the persistent allegations of steroid use, Bonds inspires a like amount of passion from both sides of the fence. For many, Bonds belongs beside Babe Ruth and Hank Aaron in baseball's holy trinity; for others, he embodies all that is wrong with the modern athlete: aloof; arrogant; alienated.In Love Me, Hate Me , author Jeff Pearlman offers a searing and insightful look into one of the most divisive athletes of our time. Drawing on more than five hundred interviews -- with former and current teammates, opponents, managers, trainers, friends, and outspoken critics and unapologetic supporters alike -- Pearlman reveals, for the first time, a wonderfully nuanced portrait of a prodigiously talented and immensely flawed American icon whose controversial run at baseball immortality forever changed the way we look at our sports heroes.

In Play Poker Like the Pros , poker master Phil Hellmuth, Jr., demonstrates exactly how to play and win -- even if you have never picked up a deck of cards -- the modern games of poker, including: Texas Hold'em, Omaha, Seven-Card Stud, and Razz. Phil Hellmuth, Jr., a seven-time World Champion of Poker, presents his tournament-tested strategies to beat any type of player, including: The Jackal (crazy and unpredictable) The Elephant (plays too many hands) The Mouse (plays very conservatively) The Lion (skilled and tough to beat) Play Poker Like the Pros begins by laying out the rules and set-up of each game and then moves on to easy-to-follow basic and advanced strategies. Hellmuth teaches exactly which hands to play, when to bluff, when to raise, and when to fold. In addition Hellmuth provides techniques for reading other players and staying cool under pressure. There are also special chapters on how to beat online poker games and an inside look at tournament play.

Part sports star, part antihero, part hip-hop icon, Allen Iverson has managed to cross over into the mainstream of American culture -- without compromise. Defiantly tattooed, with his hair in cornrows, the six-foot Philadelphia 76ers point guard is one of the most recognizable and controversial stars of the sports world. His meteoric rise from a troubled childhood in the ghetto to NBA superstardom has been marked by five straight playoff appearances, including a finals berth in 2001 and an MVP award. From his rap sheet to his rap album, fans and journalists alike hound his every move. But never before has a biographer presented a full portrait of this complicated and intensely private star -- a man whose loyalty to his family, the streets, and his friends trumps any other concern. Filled with exclusive interview material and unprecedented access to many of Iverson's inner circle, Only the Strong Survive is the first in-depth look at the truth behind this newly minted legend.