Dignità o miseria della natura umana? ?C'è un principio supposto prevalere tra molti che è del tutto incompatibile con ogni virtù o senso morale [...] Questo principio è che ogni benevolenza è mera ipocrisia, l'amicizia un inganno, lo spirito pubblico una farsa, la fedeltà un trucco per procurare fiducia e confidenza; e mentre tutti noi, in fondo, perseguiamo solo il nostro interesse privato, indossiamo questi bei travestimenti in modo da abbassare le difese degli altri ed esporli maggiormente alle nostre astuzie e macchinazioni?... Le meditazioni senza tempo di uno dei più grandi filosofi europei. SOMMARIO: Introduzione e avvertenza ai testi / Nota bibliografica: una mappa degli studi (di Fabrizio Pinna) - David Hume: Dignità o miseria della natura umana? / L'Amore di Sé. APPENDICE: Of the Dignity or Meanness of Human Nature; Of Self-love; My Own Life & Letter from Adam Smith, LL. D. to William Strahan, Esq.; Of the Reason of Animals; Of the Immortality of the Soul; Of Superstition and Enthusiasm; Of some Verbal Disputes. LE COLLANE IN/DEFINIZIONI & CON(TRO)TESTI

"Wilde è profetico sin dalle prima righe, quando denuncia la prevalenza dell’emozione sulla razionalità, male principe del nostro tempo, e poi del pietismo sull’emancipazione, male di tanta politica di pseudo sinistra" (dall'Introduzione di Alfredo Sgarlato). Wilde: ?perché la vita raggiunga la sua più elevata perfezione, ci vuole qualche cosa di più. Ciò che ci vuole è l'individualismo?, ?Utopia? Una carta geografica del mondo in cui non sia segnato il paese dell'Utopia, non varrebbe la pena d'essere guardata, perché vi mancherebbe il paese in cui l'Umanità atterra ogni giorno. Ma non appena v'è sbarcata, ella guarda più lontano, scorge una terra ancora più bella, e spiega di nuovo le vele. Progredire significa realizzare l'Utopia?. SOMMARIO: Introduzione (di Alfredo Sgarlato) - Postfazione. Breve biblio-nota ai testi e alla traduzione (di Fabrizio Pinna) - OSCAR WILDE Società e libertà: elogio dell'individualismo - APPENDICE I Oscar Wilde, Rapporti fra il socialismo e l'individualismo (di Luigi Fabbri, 1913) - APPENDICE II The Soul of Man under Socialism (1891). LA COLLANA IN/DEFINIZIONI

本书分两大部分，即禅话与净话。作者分别将佛门禅净的特色深地释义，并且以历代禅净兼修的大德为例证，破斥持门户之见者。书中以“念佛至一心不乱，便是禅定；参禅至彻见自性，即是净土”为立论的根据，写出了禅宗与净土宗同为佛教派别的异与同。

道源法师关于念佛的完整示，包括对念佛的目的、方法、功德等的详细的讲解，为修行净土宗的修行者提供了如何正确念佛的方便法门。

本书旨在弘扬西方阿弥陀佛的净土教义，提出了一系列关于净土信仰和往生方法的理论，并大量引证各种经律论释，多达五十余部，以申明净土要义。全书以《观无量寿经》的趣旨，统以贯之，由于道绰时代正逢北周武帝毁佛，形成佛教末法思想的普遍，再加上诸宗派多排斥净土法门，故本书中亦多有论辩，着重于破除异议，使得净土法门在社会上广泛盛行，深社会各阶层中。

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DAVID HUME (1711 – 1776) was a Scottish philosopher, historian, economist, and essayist known especially for his philosophical empiricism and skepticism. He was one of the most important figures in the history of Western philosophy and the Scottish Enlightenment. Hume is often grouped with John Locke, George Berkeley, and a handful of others as a British Empiricist. Beginning with his A Treatise of Human Nature (1739), Hume strove to create a total naturalistic "science of man" that examined the psychological basis of human nature. In stark opposition to the rationalists who preceded him, most notably Descartes, he concluded that desire rather than reason governed human behaviour, saying: "REASON IS, and OUGHT ONLY to BE the SLAVE of the PASSIONS". A prominent figure in the sceptical philosophical tradition and a strong empiricist, he argued against the existence of innate ideas, concluding instead that humans have knowledge only of things they directly experience.. NOTHING is more usual and more natural for those, who pretend to discover anything new to the world in philosophy and the sciences, than to insinuate the praises of their own systems, by decrying all those, which have been advanced before them. And indeed were they content with lamenting that ignorance, which we still lie under in the most important questions, that can come before the tribunal of human reason, there are few, who have an acquaintance with the sciences, that would not readily agree with them. It is easy for one of judgment and learning, to perceive the weak foundation even of those systems, which have obtained the greatest credit, and have carried their pretensions highest to accurate and profound reasoning. Principles taken upon trust, consequences lamely deduced from them, want of coherence in the parts, and of evidence in the whole, these are every where to be met with in the systems of the most eminent philosophers, and seem to have drawn disgrace upon philosophy itself. Nor is there required such profound knowledge to discover the present imperfect condition of the sciences, but even the rabble without doors may, judge from the noise and clamour, which they hear, that all goes not well within. There is nothing which is not the subject of debate, and in which men of learning are not of contrary opinions. The most trivial question escapes not our controversy, and in the most momentous we are not able to give any certain decision. Disputes are multiplied, as if every thing was uncertain; and these disputes are managed with the greatest warmth, as if every thing was certain. Amidst all this bustle it is not reason, which carries the prize, but eloquence; and no man needs ever despair of gaining proselytes to the most extravagant hypothesis, who has art enough to represent it in any favourable colours. The victory is not gained by the men at arms, who manage the pike and the sword; but by the trumpeters, drummers, and musicians of the army. From hence in my opinion arises that common prejudice against metaphysical reasonings of all kinds, even amongst those, who profess themselves scholars, and have a just value for every other part of literature. By metaphysical reasonings, they do not understand those on any particular branch of science, but every kind of argument, which is any way abstruse, and requires some attention to be comprehended. We have so often lost our labour in such researches, that we commonly reject them without hesitation, and resolve, if we must for ever be a prey to errors and delusions, that they shall at least be natural and entertaining. And indeed nothing but the most determined scepticism, along with a great degree of indolence, can justify this aversion to metaphysics. For if truth be at all within the reach of human capacity, it is certain it must lie very deep and abstruse: and to hope we shall arrive at it without pains, while the greatest geniuses have failed with the utmost pains..

The Prince (Italian: Il Principe) is a political treatise by the Italian diplomat, historian and political theorist Niccolò Machiavelli. From correspondence a version appears to have been distributed in 1513, using a Latin title, De Principatibus (About Principalities). But the printed version was not published until 1532, five years after Machiavelli's death. This was done with the permission of the Medici pope Clement VII, but "long before then, in fact since the first appearance of the Prince in manuscript, controversy had swirled about his writings" Although it was written as if it were a traditional work in the Mirror of Princes style, it is generally agreed that it was especially innovative, and not only because it was written in Italian rather than Latin. The Prince is sometimes claimed to be one of the first works of modern philosophy, in which the effective truth is taken to be more important than any abstract ideal. It was also in direct conflict with the dominant Catholic and scholastic doctrines of the time concerning how to consider politics and ethics. Although it is relatively short, the treatise is the most remembered of his works and the one most responsible for bringing "Machiavellian" into wide usage as a pejorative term. It also helped make "Old Nick" an English term for the devil, and even contributed to the modern negative connotations of the words "politics" and "politician" in western countries. In terms of subject matter it overlaps with the much longer Discourses on Livy, which was written a few years later. In its use of examples who were politically active Italians who perpetrated criminal deeds for politics, another lesser-known work by Machiavelli which The Prince has been compared to is the Life of Castruccio Castracani. The descriptions within The Prince have the general theme of accepting that ends of princes, such as glory, and indeed survival, can justify the use of immoral means to achieve those ends.

O que somos?De onde viemos?!Para onde vamos? A que caminhos a vida nos leva? Essas e outras quest?es aflitivas e de todos os tempos nos s?o solucionadas por León Denis neste opúsculo. Filho da dor, Denis sabe, como você também, o quanto viver, muitas vezes é sofrer. E por isso apresenta, de modo t?o leve a solu??o espírita, racional, para o problema do existir. Mais do que um livro de Filosofia espírita, você tem em m?os palavras de consolo e estímulo para que cada trope?o do caminho seja compreendido e por assim dizer, aproveitado! Venha acompanhar-nos nesta viagem e descubra, em rápidos parágrafos os porquês de sua vida, da nossa vida, do planeta, do Universo.? Aos poucos, entenderemos com a lógica espírita como tudo esta em seu devido lugar.

Ralph Waldo Emerson, was born at Boston in 1803 into a distinguished family of New England Unitarian ministers. His was the eighth generation to enter the ministry in a dynasty that reached back to the earliest days of Puritan America. Despite the death of his father when Emerson was only eleven, he was able to be educated at Boston Latin School and then Harvard, from which he graduated in 1821. After several years of reluctant school teaching, he returned to the Harvard Divinity School, entering the Unitarian ministry during a period of robust ecclesiastic debate. By 1829 Emerson was married and well on his way to a promising career in the church through his appointment to an important congregation in Boston. However, his career in the ministry did not last long. Following the death of his first wife, Ellen, his private religious doubts led him to announce his resignation to his congregation, claiming he was unable to preach a doctrine he no longer believed and that "to be a good minister it was necessary to leave the ministry."With the modest legacy left him from his first wife, Emerson was able to devote himself to study and travel. In Europe he met many of the important Romantic writers whose ideas on art, philosophy, and literature were transforming the writing of the Nineteenth Century. He also continued to explore his own ideas in a series of voluminous journals which he had kept from his earliest youth and from which virtually all of his literary creation would be generated. Taking up residence in Concord, Massachusetts, Emerson devoted himself to study, writing and a series of public lectures in the growing lyceum movement. From these lyceum addresses Emerson developed and then in 1836 published his most important work, Nature. Its publication also coincided with his organizing role in the Transcendental Club, a group of leading New England educators, clergy, and intellectuals interested in idealistic religion, philosophy, and literature.

西方的启蒙思潮不仅横扫了中国的学术统绪，也终结了西方的古典时代。然而，随着20世纪末的来临，启蒙思潮也免不了被自己的西方子孙横扫命运“道术为天下裂”，无论西方还是中国学界，学问因与社会生活的变迁相适应已然支离破碎——世纪之交，新思潮、新学说风起云涌，惶然心态千姿百态。科学与学问既不当浑然不分，亦不可渐行渐远，一者关乎种种解救时弊、整顿现实生活的实用知识，一者关乎个体乃至国家的精神教养。学问的资源不在现代以来不渐推陈出新的科学原理，而在冲和古秀的历史经典。如今，无论西学、中学均面临如下抉择：要么追随现代之后学彻底破碎古典学问，要么修复古典学园、重新整顿精神教养。

本套装包括《查拉图斯特拉如是说》《朝霞》《墨西拿的田园诗》《快乐的知识》《人性的，太人性的》《见解与箴言杂录》《漫游者和他的影子》《悲剧的诞生》《不合时宜的思考》《1870－1873年遗作》。《查拉图斯特拉如是说》是德国哲学家、思想家尼采的一部里程碑式的作品，几乎包括了尼采的全部思想；这本以散文诗体写就的杰作，以振聋发聩的奇异灼见和横空出世的警世招语宣讲 “超人哲学”和“权力意志”，横扫了基督教所造成的精神奴性的方方面面，谱写了一曲自由主义的人性壮歌。《快乐的知识》是尼采后期的重要作品，创作于大病初愈之后，浓缩了尼采思想的精髓，对诸如生命、个体与群体能、爱情、文艺、哲学、科学、道德、法律、宗教、社会发展等问题都进行了简明而深刻的论述，语言凝练而隽永，思想鲜明而锐利，行文多为警句或短诗，思想火花处处闪现，令人读后有痛快淋漓之感。《人性的，太人性的》用格言体写成，从各方面探讨了世界与人生的基本问题，作者对西方形而上学传统及其影响下的西方文化进行了全面批判，一方面肯定人性中值得肯定的方面，希望挖掘人的潜力，使人类变得更优秀；另一方面又对人性的弱点和缺点，尤其对西方文化传统下形成的这种弱点和缺点，进行了尖刻的讽刺和挖苦。作者寄希望于“自由精灵”，也就是能超越传统思维方式、传统道德观念而自由思想的人。 《悲剧的诞生》是对古希腊酒神现象的重视，尼采立足于这种不登大雅之堂的现象，把它当作理解高雅的希腊悲剧、希腊艺术、希腊精神的钥匙，从中提升出一种哲学来。

该书是立足于全球化、后工业化时代规划未来社会的倡言之作。作者认为，与人类历史的农业社会、工业社会两个历史阶段的生成关联在一起的是发生了两场伟大的启蒙运动。中国的春秋战国时代和西方的古希腊时代代表了人类历史上的*次启蒙运动，所启蒙的是农业社会；发生在18世纪的那场影响至今的启蒙运动则是一场启蒙工业社会的运动。现在，人类正处在从工业社会向后工业社会转变的过程中，也同样需要一场启蒙运动去规划后工业社会。作者从政治、经济、社会、文化、生活方式、行为模式等各个方面对工业社会行了较为全面的批判性反思，并在此基础上系统地阐释了启蒙后工业社会的行动路线。作者在构思后工业社会的建构问题时，把全球化、后工业化程中的社会高度复杂性和高度不确定性作为立论的出发，认为这一条件下对人类命运构成了极大挑战，要求全部社会建构及其治理行动都必须指向人的共生共在。在对社会及其治理实践的思考中，作者根据社会的加速化、流动性的增强、科学技术的发展等方面所提供的客观条件，提出了合作制组织以及合作治理的构想，认为新的启蒙的重心就在于提出可行的合作行动方案，以求将人的共生共在变成现实。

作者将佛教与中国文学的研究集中起来，从学术高度客观考察和分析这个结合阶段的特。书中对卷帙浩繁的佛教文献行梳理、征引；对南朝佛教的发展、佛教思想的衍变，对南朝重要的文人和重要的文学事实同佛教的关系，作了相当全面的分析和研究。这有助于读者全面了解南朝这一时期的历史文化和佛教对文学多层面的影响。

实用主义是当代西方哲学中*有影响的流派之一，20世纪初活跃一时，20世纪70年代又重新引起西方学术界的重视，衍生出新的变种。本书以*有代表性的7位实用主义大家皮尔士、詹姆斯、杜威、奎因、罗蒂、普特南、布兰顿为对象，较为系统地分析评述了他们的观，从中可以看出实用主义到新实用主义的思想内涵及其演变。

《中国政治哲学史》（*卷）系统考察了老子、孔子、墨子、商鞅、孟子、庄子、荀子、韩非八位思想家，以及黄老学派、名家学派的政治哲学，希望以带面，由及面，逐步深，层层推，对中国先秦政治哲学史做出较为全面、系统的把握。本书在孔子的正名哲学、名家的政治哲学内涵、孟荀政治哲学的对比、道德与政治的关系、法家政治哲学的特色等方面提出了自己的看法，可供学界参考。本书由多位学者共同撰写，既相互呼应，又保持相对独立性，是一部集体合作完成的政治哲学史著作。

1840年之后，中国经历西方的冲，在政治合法性和社会秩序的原则的认知上都产生了根本性的变化，在这样的古今之变和中西之别的背景下，中国近代的政治思想家们一方面试图以中国古典的政治观念来吸纳乃至批判西方的启蒙政治思想，另一方面则又深感中西政治思想的巨大鸿沟。由此，这个时期的政治哲学呈现出明显的中西杂糅的特征。通过对康有为、章太炎、孙中山等人的政治哲学的分析，可以看到，传统儒家经典中的政治原则虽然始动摇，但依然是人们思考政治问题的出发。而西方的民权、自由、民主、立宪、共和等始成为中国政治理论的重要观念。在国家富强和民族独立的目标下，民族主义、保守主义和自由主义、社会主义等政治思潮衬托出这个时期政治哲学的创性和丰富性。

“鬼谷子”是先秦诸子之一，全书是其后学者根据其言论整理而成的，内容十分丰富，涉及政治、军事、外交等领域，主要讲的是攻守谋略的理论。纵横家所崇尚的是权谋策略及言谈辩论之技巧，其指导思想与儒家所推崇之仁义道德大相径庭。

儒家的仁义思想不只是由仁而义，还包括由义而仁，前者是孟子的“居仁由义”，是由道德而政治，后者是荀子的“处仁以义”，是由政治而道德，二者结合才是完整的仁义观。传统四书不足以反映儒学的完整面貌，不足以体现仁义的精神内涵，故需要有新的经典体系出现，这就是本书所提出的《论语》、《礼记》、《孟子》与《荀子》，合称“新四书”。在“新四书”中，孟荀既相互对立，又存在相互补充的可能与需要。孟子人性论更准确地理解应该是以善为性论，有利于突出道德主体，说明人的道德实践；荀子人性论并非传统所认为的性恶论，而是性恶心善说，适合说明礼义、制度的建立，易于解释人的政治实践。统合孟荀，方可创新儒学。

本书面向青年讲述马克思主义，在重温青年马克思的思想历程和人生之旅中激励青年，在解读马克思主义与世界青年和中国青年的历史渊源中启发青年，在讲好马克思主义中国化的理论与实践中引领青年。 本书分为上、中、下三篇。上篇从马克思的青年时期、马克思和恩格斯论青年、马克思主义的理论特质和历史使命等方面解读马克思的青年观；中篇重阐释青年在马克思主义的世界传播和发展以及马克思主义中国化的壮阔历史中所发挥的重要作用；下篇重解读21世纪马克思主义与新时代青年观，在新时代的历史方位中思考青年的使命担当与价值引领，强调马克思主义信仰对青年的思想引领。 本书蕴含宽广的视域和细腻的笔触，展现了马克思主义的发展与青年的成长奋斗相互交织的壮阔历程，既有严谨的学术探索，又有鲜活的时代特征和问题意识，体现了青年学者坚持和发展马克思主义的理论自觉和时代担当。

在世间，功名富贵也好，为人服务也好，重要的是要人忙心闲。无心不是不用心，而是不计较得失。如我们的身体，平常百般爱护，加意保健，而百年之后身腐灰灭，身体也不是我们的……在世间，我们的能力要和所做的事情相应，人生志趣要与环境相应。禅门的悟道是活水长流，每天都有很多的小悟，集很多小悟为中悟，忽然有个恍然大悟，然后对于“生从何来，死将何去”了然于心，再也无惧了。道，在平常心里面，在日用生活中成就，不必刻意强调，也不求速成，只要有恒心，一片豁然悟境就在你面前。