The reasons for some animals being long-lived and others short-lived, and, in a word, causes of the length and brevity of life.

Life is not easy in the Soviet Union at mid-20 th century, especially for a factory worker who becomes an unwed mother. But Antonina is lucky to get a room in a communal apartment that she and her little girl share with three elderly women. Glikeria is a daughter of former serfs. Ariadna comes from a wealthy family and speaks French. Yevdokia is illiterate and bitter. All have lost their families, all are deeply traditional, and all become “grannies” to little Suzanna. Only they secretly name her Sofia. And just as secretly they impart to her the history of her country as they experienced it: the Revolution, the early days of the Soviet Union, the blockade and starvation of World War II. The little girl responds by drawing beautiful pictures, but she is mute. If the authorities find out she will be taken from her home and sent to an institution. When Antonina falls desperately ill, the grannies are faced with the reality of losing the little girl they love – a stepfather can be found before it is too late. And for that, they need a miracle.

Das Buch besteht aus vier Teilen. Der erste Teil erschien 1883, der zweite und dritte 1884, der vierte 1885 als Privatdruck. 1886 ver?ffentlichte Nietzsche die drei ersten Teile als ?Also sprach Zarathustra. Ein Buch für Alle und Keinen. In drei Teilen.“ Im Gegensatz zu den frühen Werken Nietzsches handelt es sich beim Zarathustra nicht um ein Sachbuch. In hymnischer Prosa berichtet ein personaler Erz?hler vom Wirken eines fiktiven Denkers, der den Namen des Persischen Religionsstifters Zarathustra tr?gt. Nietzsche selbst nennt den Stil, in dem Also sprach Zarathustra geschrieben ist, halkyonisch und wünscht sich Leser, die eines ?gleichen Pathos f?hig und würdig sind“: ?Man muss vor Allem den Ton, der aus diesem Munde kommt, diesen halkyonischen Ton richtig h?ren, um dem Sinn seiner Weisheit nicht erbarmungswürdig Unrecht zu tun“. Dass Nietzsche diese Leserschaft in seiner Gegenwart nicht gesehen hat, legt der Untertitel des Werkes nahe: ?Ein Buch für Alle und Keinen“.

Cartea de fa??, pe care cititorul o ?ine acum ?n m?n?, reprezint? o form? – literar vorbind, foarte complex?, fiindc? ea evolueaz? pe mai multe voci narative, dintre care doar unele ?i apar?in ?n mod direct autoarei – de exorcism. Geniul inimii e r?spunsul unui poet la o experien?? personal? plenitudinar?, ?n care bucuria ?i suferin?a se ?ntrep?trund reciproc pentru a exprima, ?mpreun? ?i tensionat, starea de gra?ie. Exist? o voce a experien?ei biografice ?n aceast? carte scris? febril, o alta de martor sau de participant la istorie, tot a?a cum exist? o voce a puterii ?i una a victimei. Deasupra tuturor st?, ?ns?, nu neap?rat triumf?toare, dar lucid-cerebral?, chemarea celor dou? credin?e pentru care merit? s? tr?ie?ti ?i s?-?i rememorezi via?a atunci c?nd ai ajuns cu ea la r?sp?ntie: credin?a ?n cultura modelelor care te-au precedat ?i credin?a deloc ingenu?, ci ivit? din cunoa?tere, ?n sacralitatea profund? a celor tr?ite ?i ?n transcenden??. (?tefan Borbély) A considera un text drept ?carte a ilumin?rilor mele“ ?i a a?eza ca titlu al primei p?r?i a volumului sintagma Povestea subteranei ne plaseaz? sub semnul aproape imposibil al drumului c?tre Sine, al cuprinderii, al denud?rii ?i al efortului de a ?n?elege un obiect al c?rui adev?r se va afla ?ntotdeauna ?n proximitatea pe?terii lui Platon. E un demers perpetuat, dar niciodat? epuizat ?i aproape exclus din plasma comunic?rii, care – ?n situa?ia ?romanului“ Aurei Christi – nu are coresponden?e, nu se apropie de experien?a budhist?, nici de prerogativele ocultismului de New Age, ci ne aduce ?n vecin?tatea ?ndemnului de pe frontispiciul templului lui Apollo din Delphi, preluat apoi, ca solu?ie ?ntre a fi ?i a p?rea, de c?tre Socrate: ?Cunoa?te-te pe tine ?nsu?i!“. Po?i ?nt?lni, pe acest drum, ?i acel daimonion care a str?juit g?ndirea aceluia?i ?n?elept atenian ca alt? fa?? a ?subteranelor“ fiin?ei, acolo unde lumina se ?ngem?neaz? cu ?ntunericul, stare ?poetizat?“ de Goethe, dar pr?bu?it? ?n tragic de Dostoievski. E o cobor?re spre ?n?elegere prin cuprindere ?i, implicit, prin atingerea nelimitatului. (Mircea Braga) Cartea Aurei Christi Geniul inimii pare o st?nc? masiv?, singuratic?, ?ntr-un peisaj ?mioritic“. Geniul inimii are originalitate ?i for??. Prima parte e liric?, a doua (?ntr-un fel) – o comedie negru-satiric?, a treia – predominant epic-narativ?. Prima parte este excelent?; mi-am ?nsemnat un num?r de poezii memorabile. A doua, ?n centrul ei mai ales, are sec?iuni, pasaje extrem de interesant-pl?cute-amuzante, ?n pofida tonului, uneori, foiletonistic. A treia e impresionant? ?n ansamblu, armonios-coerent?, de o sinceritate sf??ietoare. ?n tot volumul, istoricul, religiosul, subiectivul se leag? foarte frumos ?ntre ele. Nu-mi plac laudele la adresa lui Nietzsche! De fapt, cum se leag? acest autor de Biblie, de Evanghelii?! Aura Christi poate fi m?ndr? de o realizare major?, cu totul original?. Probabil, nu l-a citit pe romanticul britanic Wordsworth; dar el e cel care a scris (sau a ?nceput s? scrie) o memorabil? autobiografie ?n versuri. Pu?ini l-au continuat. Am putea spune c? Aura se num?r? printre cei pu?ini. (Virgil Nemoianu)

A fi rom?n? ?E o ru?ine!“, exclama Cioran. ?n ce m?sur? filosoful de la Paris avea dreptate? Ce ?nseamn? ?a fi rom?n“ ?ntr-o fals? tranzi?ie care aparent nu se mai termin?? La aceste ?i multe alte ?ntreb?ri ?ncearc? s? r?spund? scriitorul Ionel Necula ?n opus-ul de fa??, care ?nsumeaz? analize ale r?sturn?rilor sociale evidente, ?nregistrate ?n ultimii ?aptesprezece ani. Nu ?ntotdeauna comod, spiritul coroziv al autorului ??i spune cuv?ntul, av?nd uneori accente incendiare.

●从未有哪个时代像今天一样，科学让人类社会以肉眼可见的速度向前演化。这场两千多年的长程奔跑似乎来到了冲刺阶段，不断有人做出世界末日的预言，那么，科学*终带给我们的究竟是生存还是毁灭？科学研究的目的究竟是什么？科学能告诉我们*真理吗？ 带着这样的终极关怀，《人人都该懂的科学哲学》首先讲述了科学脱离哲学、独立成长的过程，然后以智慧设计论、弦理论、占星术、有神论、社会建构主义、女性主义等充满争议的问题为例，辨析了科学的定义、方法和目的，科学和社会的关系。伟大的科学哲学家亚里士多德、笛卡儿、休谟、培根、波普尔、库恩等纷纷出场，上演了一场绵亘数千年的*辩论。 面对未来的挑战，无论人类能否破解“公地悲剧”、实现星际殖民、活到长生不老，杰弗里·戈勒姆以科学哲学的视角安慰我们：“当生命终结，人类文化仍然存在，只不过是存在于过去。希望它永远存在就太过分了，无异于希望巴黎时时处处是春天。” ●《人人都该懂的科学哲学》属于湛庐文化重磅推出的“新核心素养”系列图书之一。本系列图书致力于推广通识阅读，扩展读者的阅读面，培养批判性思考的能力。其中涵盖了哲学、心理学、法律、艺术、物理学、生物科技等诸多人文科学和自然科学的知识，其中《人人都该懂的科学哲学》的内容涵盖了科学哲学的核心思想，让你一本书了解科学哲学的核心智慧。

Ralph Waldo Emerson, was born at Boston in 1803 into a distinguished family of New England Unitarian ministers. His was the eighth generation to enter the ministry in a dynasty that reached back to the earliest days of Puritan America. Despite the death of his father when Emerson was only eleven, he was able to be educated at Boston Latin School and then Harvard, from which he graduated in 1821. After several years of reluctant school teaching, he returned to the Harvard Divinity School, entering the Unitarian ministry during a period of robust ecclesiastic debate. By 1829 Emerson was married and well on his way to a promising career in the church through his appointment to an important congregation in Boston. However, his career in the ministry did not last long. Following the death of his first wife, Ellen, his private religious doubts led him to announce his resignation to his congregation, claiming he was unable to preach a doctrine he no longer believed and that "to be a good minister it was necessary to leave the ministry."With the modest legacy left him from his first wife, Emerson was able to devote himself to study and travel. In Europe he met many of the important Romantic writers whose ideas on art, philosophy, and literature were transforming the writing of the Nineteenth Century. He also continued to explore his own ideas in a series of voluminous journals which he had kept from his earliest youth and from which virtually all of his literary creation would be generated. Taking up residence in Concord, Massachusetts, Emerson devoted himself to study, writing and a series of public lectures in the growing lyceum movement. From these lyceum addresses Emerson developed and then in 1836 published his most important work, Nature. Its publication also coincided with his organizing role in the Transcendental Club, a group of leading New England educators, clergy, and intellectuals interested in idealistic religion, philosophy, and literature.

The Prince (Italian: Il Principe) is a political treatise by the Italian diplomat, historian and political theorist Niccolò Machiavelli. From correspondence a version appears to have been distributed in 1513, using a Latin title, De Principatibus (About Principalities). But the printed version was not published until 1532, five years after Machiavelli's death. This was done with the permission of the Medici pope Clement VII, but "long before then, in fact since the first appearance of the Prince in manuscript, controversy had swirled about his writings" Although it was written as if it were a traditional work in the Mirror of Princes style, it is generally agreed that it was especially innovative, and not only because it was written in Italian rather than Latin. The Prince is sometimes claimed to be one of the first works of modern philosophy, in which the effective truth is taken to be more important than any abstract ideal. It was also in direct conflict with the dominant Catholic and scholastic doctrines of the time concerning how to consider politics and ethics. Although it is relatively short, the treatise is the most remembered of his works and the one most responsible for bringing "Machiavellian" into wide usage as a pejorative term. It also helped make "Old Nick" an English term for the devil, and even contributed to the modern negative connotations of the words "politics" and "politician" in western countries. In terms of subject matter it overlaps with the much longer Discourses on Livy, which was written a few years later. In its use of examples who were politically active Italians who perpetrated criminal deeds for politics, another lesser-known work by Machiavelli which The Prince has been compared to is the Life of Castruccio Castracani. The descriptions within The Prince have the general theme of accepting that ends of princes, such as glory, and indeed survival, can justify the use of immoral means to achieve those ends.

O que somos?De onde viemos?!Para onde vamos? A que caminhos a vida nos leva? Essas e outras quest?es aflitivas e de todos os tempos nos s?o solucionadas por León Denis neste opúsculo. Filho da dor, Denis sabe, como você também, o quanto viver, muitas vezes é sofrer. E por isso apresenta, de modo t?o leve a solu??o espírita, racional, para o problema do existir. Mais do que um livro de Filosofia espírita, você tem em m?os palavras de consolo e estímulo para que cada trope?o do caminho seja compreendido e por assim dizer, aproveitado! Venha acompanhar-nos nesta viagem e descubra, em rápidos parágrafos os porquês de sua vida, da nossa vida, do planeta, do Universo.? Aos poucos, entenderemos com a lógica espírita como tudo esta em seu devido lugar.

Dignità o miseria della natura umana? ?C'è un principio supposto prevalere tra molti che è del tutto incompatibile con ogni virtù o senso morale [...] Questo principio è che ogni benevolenza è mera ipocrisia, l'amicizia un inganno, lo spirito pubblico una farsa, la fedeltà un trucco per procurare fiducia e confidenza; e mentre tutti noi, in fondo, perseguiamo solo il nostro interesse privato, indossiamo questi bei travestimenti in modo da abbassare le difese degli altri ed esporli maggiormente alle nostre astuzie e macchinazioni?... Le meditazioni senza tempo di uno dei più grandi filosofi europei. SOMMARIO: Introduzione e avvertenza ai testi / Nota bibliografica: una mappa degli studi (di Fabrizio Pinna) - David Hume: Dignità o miseria della natura umana? / L'Amore di Sé. APPENDICE: Of the Dignity or Meanness of Human Nature; Of Self-love; My Own Life & Letter from Adam Smith, LL. D. to William Strahan, Esq.; Of the Reason of Animals; Of the Immortality of the Soul; Of Superstition and Enthusiasm; Of some Verbal Disputes. LE COLLANE IN/DEFINIZIONI & CON(TRO)TESTI

《汝瓷志》，约50万字，由河南省汝州市多年从事汝瓷考古、科研和历史研究的专家，在广泛征求业内和社会各界人士意见的基础上撰写而成，目的是展现汝瓷的辉煌历史，记录当代汝瓷恢复研制的艰辛。同时，汝州市正积极打造“具有汝州地域特色和承载历史文化传承的艺术小镇”——汝瓷小镇，《汝瓷志》的编写是小镇建设的重要文化内容之一。主要内容分为以下三个方面：一、汝瓷的起源、发展和走向辉煌的历程（由夏、商至北宋）；二、20世纪50年代以来关于汝瓷的科学研究和汝瓷艺术的发展；三、汝瓷的鉴赏、收藏、拍卖；为汝瓷文化和汝瓷产业的发展作出突出贡献的重点人物的介绍。汝州市于2018年4月进行了《汝瓷志》出版项目招标工作，我局参加并中标。成交金额为125万元。关于资金的使用办法，业经向局里汇报。我局使用额度为不少于60万元，预计利润为20万元左右。

我们看的动画片里的狮子在说着人类的语言，蛇说出了邪恶的诅咒，小马们会爆发出快乐的笑声，小猪一家过着像人类家庭一样的生活。然而，在现实生活中， 如果动物真的会说话，那么我们该如何反应？ 如果动物会说话，我们是否就一定可以听懂？ 如果动物真的能感知世界，它们又是如何看待人类的? 当一只猫或狗到底是什么感觉? 猫和狗知道自己浑身是毛吗？ 我们为什么把狗当作儿子，却把猫称为主子？ 在《假如猫狗会说话》一书中，史文德森研究了人类是如何试图理解其他动物（从黑猩猩到章鱼，但他主要关注的是我们日常生活中近的动物——猫和狗）的生活的，并深探讨了动物的交流、心智、自我意识、孤独和悲伤，但基本的问题还是人类和动物如何共同生活并建立友谊。这本有趣而又发人深省的书，可以帮助动物爱好者和宠物主人对动物和人类自身有更一步的理解。

本书主要探讨了两个方面的内容：其一，近代贵州文学发展的儒学内涵。探讨了近代贵州书院发展的儒学内涵，及其对科举文学作品的直影响。深探析了遵义文化家族的儒学内核和这些家族中有代表性的文学家及其文学创作中所呈现的儒学色彩。探讨了近代贵州方志艺文编纂的儒学化倾向和近代贵州女性文学发展的基本状况其所呈现的儒学内涵。其二，近代贵州经学著述的文学思想。以萧光远的诗歌创作和《毛诗异同》为切，考察萧光远经学著述的文学化和文学创作的儒学内涵。

书稿属于语言文字学和文献学两个学科的交叉研究，从文字、音韵、训诂等传统语文学角度，对北大藏汉简《老子》中的关键字、词、句行了校勘、考证和注释，以此为基础，对汉简《老子》义理行探讨，对每一章的主题行了概括。综合运用传统小学工具和现代语言学方法释读北京大学藏汉简《老子》，以译注的方式将研究成果融其中，是书稿的一个鲜明特。

本书以战国至汉初的黄老思想为研究对象，共包括绪论和四章正文。 绪论包括选题缘由，研究范围的界定，相关文献及使用原则，相关研究综述等。 章是对黄老概念的厘清。包括对“黄老”之名、黄老思想基本内涵的界定，黄老与老庄、道教之间的关系等。 第二章论述黄老思想与其他诸子学派的关系，包括黄老与杂家、名法、儒墨和阴阳四个方面。 第三章考证黄老思想的源流。考察了《老子》所存在的二元思维特征；对黄老之学产生于齐国说提出质疑，并以文献史料的分析为基础，提出了黄老思想发源于楚地的观；对从春秋末至汉初的黄老源流行了合理推测。 第四章考察了黄老与汉初政治的关系。提出了统治思想的“层次”说；对汉初黄老思想独具的特行分析，并论述了黄老地位的变动与汉初统治者的关系。

《呻吟语》是明代思想家吕坤代表作，成书于明代万历二十一年（1593）。全书分六卷，前三卷为内篇，后三卷为外篇。《呻吟语》是吕坤对宇宙、人性、命运、时事、治道、物理、人情的观察与思考，充满了哲理性，闪烁着智慧之光。本次出版的《呻吟语》是精选本，保持原刻本体例的前提下精选了百余则，并附上现代注解和译文，通俗易懂，对于非研究古籍的大众读者而言，是一本不可多得的上选之书。

华杉先生精研《论语》30多年，综合了朱熹、王阳明、张居正等先贤的经典阐释，用429篇轻松畅快的解读文章，带你回到2500年前孔子讲道理、讲故事的教学现场，平白如话，亲切有味，读起来毫不费劲。 本书在着力讲透《论语》原意的同时，对于人们因为2500多年的语言和时代隔阅造成的普遍误读、误解，作了正本清源式的详解分析。在此基础上，作者华杉对全书行修订，引文、篇日标题、标符号等一一更新！　 翻本书，逐字逐句读懂《论语》原文，切身体会两千五百多年来，中国人得以修身养性、安身立命的智慧箴言。

《简明逻辑学二十讲》是一本通俗易懂、引人胜的智慧小书，是作者多年教学和研究的心血之作。作者采用了20堂公课的形式，由浅深、由易到难，通过的老师娓娓道来，用一个个轻松、幽默的小故事展现复杂的逻辑学。内容采用对话体，在老师与学生的交流、互动之中，辨析和掌握一个个逻辑学概念。本书是逻辑启蒙的经典读物。本书从情绪、专注、沟通、记忆、读写、习惯等多个维度讲述了日常生活中的思维误区，帮助读者建立起系统的思维逻辑。

人生的目的和价值何在？怎样获取人生的幸福？每个人都会追问自己这些问题。 本书是著名哲学家冯友兰重要代表作，分为两部分：“一种人生观”和“人生与哲学”，共计21篇文章。部分是其20世纪20年代的冯友兰重要著作《一种人生观》一书，第二部分“人生与哲学”是冯友兰文章精选，是对《一种人生观》所阐述的人生哲学观念的补充。在本书中，冯友兰先生从哲学角度，于中国传统文化的精神与血脉之中摄取养分，为我们提供了人生观问题的一种答案。

《古犹太教》是《宗教社会学论集》的重要组成部分。此前研究古犹太教都是从宗教学的角度，以文献考证来看待古犹太民族与现代基督教的关系，而韦伯则用社会学的方法重新梳理史料，把古犹太教放在西方和近东整个文化发展交汇上审视这一宗教历史的内在理路，从而揭示了伊斯兰教和基督教两大对立宗教文明盘根错节的难解因由，从而写出他对犹太教历史发展过程的一家之言。

《法义》是柏拉图*长的著作，以探讨“政制与礼法”为主旨。在西方法哲学史上，柏拉图首次考察了立法的目的及其哲学基础、立法与德性等根本问题。本文集选编了潘戈、拉克斯等著名学者的十一篇论文，集中探讨柏拉图《法义》关于立法与德性的问题，主要关注柏拉图这几个方面的论述： 首先，立法不应着眼于战争的胜利和财富，亦即基于*的和片面的德性（勇敢）。克里特和斯巴达之所以如此看待立法的目的，是因为他们将诸城邦间的战争、人人皆敌视为自然状态，从地理性和物质性的“自然”来解释立法的目的，而非依据诸德性的自然秩序和人的自然本性。 其次，真正的立法旨在获得完整的德性：理智、明智、节制、正义和勇敢。立法以完整的德性特别是以理智为目标。因此，柏拉图暗中将哲学设定为立法的基础，也就改变了立法的目的：立法由培养勇敢和追求财富转向追求整体德性和人的完满，立法更应关注灵魂的优异而非身体的需要。 *后，在每一种法律中，都会存在某种德性观，立法的意图应尽量从*的德性转向完整的德性。在此意义上，哲学对立法和政治始终有鉴照作用。指向德政的立法可彰显现实城邦的不足，引领其走向完善。