Paradise Lost is an epic poem in blank verse by the 17th-century English poet John Milton (1608–1674). The first version, published in 1667, consisted of ten books with over ten thousand lines of verse. A second edition followed in 1674, arranged into twelve books (in the manner of Virgil's Aeneid) with minor revisions throughout and a note on the versification. It is considered by critics to be Milton's "major work", and helped solidify his reputation as one of the greatest English poets of his time. The poem concerns the Biblical story of the Fall of Man: the temptation of Adam and Eve by the fallen angel Satan and their expulsion from the Garden of Eden. Milton's purpose, stated in Book I, is to "justify the ways of God to men" Short Summary:The poem is separated into twelve "books" or sections, the lengths of which vary greatly (the longest is Book IX, with 1,189 lines, and the shortest Book VII, with 640). The Arguments at the head of each book were added in subsequent imprints of the first edition. Originally published in ten books, a fully "Revised and Augmented" edition reorganized into twelve books was issued in 1674, and this is the edition generally used today. The poem follows the epic tradition of starting in medias res (Latin for in the midst of things), the background story being recounted later.Milton's story has two narrative arcs, one about Satan (Lucifer) and the other following Adam and Eve. It begins after Satan and the other rebel angels have been defeated and banished to Hell, or, as it is also called in the poem, Tartarus. In Pand?monium, Satan employs his rhetorical skill to organise his followers; he is aided by Mammon and Beelzebub. Belial and Moloch are also present. At the end of the debate, Satan volunteers to poison the newly created Earth and God's new and most favoured creation, Mankind. He braves the dangers of the Abyss alone in a manner reminiscent of Odysseus or Aeneas. After an arduous traversal of the Chaos outside Hell, he enters God's new material World, and later the Garden of Eden. At several points in the poem, an Angelic War over Heaven is recounted from different perspectives. Satan's rebellion follows the epic convention of large-scale warfare. The battles between the faithful angels and Satan's forces take place over three days. At the final battle, the Son of God single-handedly defeats the entire legion of angelic rebels and banishes them from Heaven. Following this purge, God creates the World, culminating in his creation of Adam and Eve. While God gave Adam and Eve total freedom and power to rule over all creation, He gave them one explicit command: not to eat from the Tree of the knowledge of good and evil on penalty of death.

The Republic (Greek: Politeia) is a Socratic dialogue, written by Plato around 380 BC, concerning the definition of (justice), the order and character of the just city-state and the just man, reason by which ancient readers used the name On Justice as an alternative title (not to be confused with the spurious dialogue also titled On Justice). The dramatic date of the dialogue has been much debated and though it must take place some time during the Peloponnesian War, "there would be jarring anachronisms if any of the candidate specific dates between 432 and 404 were assigned". It is Plato's best-known work and has proven to be one of the most intellectually and historically influential works of philosophy and political theory. In it, Socrates along with various Athenians and foreigners discuss the meaning of justice and examine whether or not the just man is happier than the unjust man by considering a series of different cities coming into existence "in speech", culminating in a city (Kallipolis) ruled by philosopher-kings; and by examining the nature of existing regimes. The participants also discuss the theory of forms, the immortality of the soul, and the roles of the philosopher and of poetry in society. Short Summary (Epilogue):X.1—X.8. 595a—608b. Rejection of Mimetic ArtX.9—X.11. 608c—612a. Immortality of the SoulX.12. 612a—613e. Rewards of Justice in LifeX.13—X.16. 613e—621d. Judgment of the Dead The paradigm of the city — the idea of the Good, the Agathon — has manifold historical embodiments, undertaken by those who have seen the Agathon, and are ordered via the vision. The centre piece of the Republic, Part II, nos. 2–3, discusses the rule of the philosopher, and the vision of the Agathon with the allegory of the cave, which is clarified in the theory of forms. The centre piece is preceded and followed by the discussion of the means that will secure a well-ordered polis (City). Part II, no. 1, concerns marriage, the community of people and goods for the Guardians, and the restraints on warfare among the Hellenes. It describes a partially communistic polis. Part II, no. 4, deals with the philosophical education of the rulers who will preserve the order and character of the city-state.In Part II, the Embodiment of the Idea, is preceded by the establishment of the economic and social orders of a polis (Part I), followed by an analysis (Part III) of the decline the order must traverse. The three parts compose the main body of the dialogues, with their discussions of the “paradigm”, its embodiment, its genesis, and its decline.The Introduction and the Conclusion are the frame for the body of the Republic. The discussion of right order is occasioned by the questions: “Is Justice better than Injustice?” and “Will an Unjust man fare better than a Just man?” The introductory question is balanced by the concluding answer: “Justice is preferable to Injustice”. In turn, the foregoing are framed with the Prologue (Book I) and the Epilogue (Book X). The prologue is a short dialogue about the common public doxai (opinions) about “Justice”. Based upon faith, and not reason, the Epilogue describes the new arts and the immortality of the soul. ? About Author: Plato (Greek: Platon, " 428/427 or 424/423 BC – 348/347 BC) was a philosopher in Classical Greece. He was also a mathematician, student of Socrates, writer of philosophical dialogues, and founder of the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world. Along with his mentor, Socrates, and his most-famous student, Aristotle, Plato helped to lay the foundations of Western philosophy and science. Alfred North Whitehead once noted: "the safest general characterization of the European philosophical tradition is that it consists of a series of footnotes to Plato." Plato's sophistication as a writer is evident in his Socratic dialogues; thirty-six dialogues and thirteen letters have been ascribed to him, although 15–18 of them have been contested. Plato's writings have been published in several fashions; this has led to several conventions regarding the naming and referencing of Plato's texts. Plato's dialogues have been used to teach a range of subjects, including philosophy, logic, ethics, rhetoric, religion and mathematics. Plato is one of the most important founding figures in Western philosophy. His writings related to the Theory of Forms, or Platonic ideals, are basis for Platonism. ? Early lifeThe exact time and place of Plato's birth are not known, but it is certain that he belonged to an aristocratic and influential family. Based on ancient sources, most modern scholars believe that he was born in Athens or Aegina between 429 and 423 BC. His father was Ariston. According to a disputed tradition, reported by Diogenes Laertius, Ariston traced his descent from the king of Athens, Codrus, and the king of Messenia, Melanthus. Plato's mother was Perictione, whose family boasted of a relationship with the famous Athenian lawmaker an

本书主要是透过经典中记载的佛陀的平等思想、教育方法，客观探讨佛教的女性观。 其重有四： 一、佛教兴起时代的印度社会和女性：主要以印度低落的女性地位和不平等的四姓差别制度为背景，一一说明佛陀的众生平等观，从而奠定佛教的男女平等思想。 二、原始佛教时代的女性观：由原始经典中一再出现的母亲、妻子、媳妇、女人四种形象，分别说明佛陀对女性的教化，以及佛教对在家女性理想典范的树立，而从生活伦理中显示男女的平等性。 三、小乘佛教时代的女性观：对女人五障说、佛的三十二相和女人不能成佛说等思想做一全面深的探讨，以澄清佛陀的平等真义。 四、大乘佛教时代的女性观：由诸多经典中示现的女性成佛观、师子吼乃至大乘菩萨与女性的关系，显现佛教对女权的倡导和发展，以及女性的智慧和慈悲的特质。

【内容简介】 本选题分类结集叶秀山先生全部已经出版的专著，在学术期刊上发表的所有论文，以及部分笔记、札记、书信和讲演录，共11卷。本选题代表了当代中国哲学的高度，是哲学专业学习者和研究者的重要学习和参考用书。第三卷包括《美的哲学》《无尽的学与思》《愉快的思》三本专著。

《哲学是很好玩儿的》(套装共15册)包括生命哲学、心灵哲学等多种哲学思想结晶，读者可以从入门开始，通过通俗易懂的方式学会如何用哲学思维思考，感受哲学里的自我和世界，帮读者重新审视自我和我们栖居的世界，以及和这个世界的关系，捕捉心中迸发的迷惑与感悟，进而把它们锤炼为人生的智慧。

Potere, cortigianeria, dispotismo, libertà, uguaglianza... attuali o inattuali la satira d'Holbach e La Boétie? Cambiano i tempi e i nomi, ma la natura umana nel suo fondo negli ultimi secoli non è mutata. Com'è virtù di tutti i classici, le loro voci continuano a farci sorridere, indignare e riflettere non solo sul passato ma ugualmente sul presente e sul futuro, su quanto in esso ci possa essere di desiderabile o indesiderabile. In Appendice, i testi si possono leggere anche nella loro originaria edizione in francese. SOMMARIO?- Fabrizio Pinna, Una introduzione (in due tempi) e qualche digressione: I. Barone d'Holbach, "Quest'arte sublime dello strisciare"...; II. ?tienne de La Boétie, "Siate determinati di non voler più servire ed eccovi liberi"... . LIBERT? & POTERE: Paul Henri Thiry d'Holbach, Saggio sull'arte di strisciare ad uso dei cortigiani; Paul Henri Thiry d'Holbach, I Cortigiani; Jean le Rond d'Alembert, Cortigiano; ?tienne de La Boétie, La servitù volontaria. APPENDICE I: Libertà Uguaglianza (1799)- Il Cittadino Editore. APPENDICE II: Essai sur l’art de ramper, à l’usage des courtisans (1764) - Paul Henri Thiry d'Holbach; Des Courtisans (1773) - Paul Henri Thiry d'Holbach; Courtisan (1752) / Courtisane (1754) - Jean le Rond d'Alembert; Discours de la servitude volontaire o Contr'un (1549) - ?tienne de La Boétie.?LE COLLANE IN/DEFINIZIONI & CON(TRO)TESTI

【内容简介】 本选题分类结集叶秀山先生全部已经出版的专著，在学术期刊上发表的所有论文，以及部分笔记、札记、书信和讲演录，共11卷。本选题代表了当代中国哲学的高度，是哲学专业学 习者和研究者的重要学习和参考用书。第二卷包括《书法美学引论》《古中国的歌》《思·史·诗》三本专著。

【内容简介】 本选题分类结集叶秀山先生全部已经出版的专著，在学术期刊上发表的所有论文，以及部分笔记、札记、书信和讲演录，共11卷。本选题代表了当代中国哲学的高度，是哲学专业学习者和研究者的重要学习和参考用书。第七卷包括《永恒的活火》《学与思的轮回》这两本作者著作。

【内容简介】 本选题分类结集叶秀山先生全部已经出版的专著，在学术期刊上发表的所有论文，以及部分笔记、札记、书信和讲演录，共11卷。本选题代表了当代中国哲学的高度，是哲学专业学习者和研究者的重要学习和参考用书。第八卷包括《科学·宗教·哲学》这本作者专著。

【内容简介】 本丛书分类结集叶秀山先生全部已经出版的专著，在学术期刊上发表的所有论文，以及部分笔记、札记、书信和讲演录，共12卷，代表了当代中国哲学的高度，是哲学专业学习者和研究者的重要学习和参考用书。第十二卷是对作者散文随笔的补遗。

本书是笛卡尔重要的哲学著作，在这部著作中，笛卡尔通过普遍怀疑的方法，力图使心灵摆脱感官的桎梏，通过纯粹理智来获得正确的知识。他探讨了上帝是否存在、感官是否可靠、怎样寻求真理避免错误等问题。他从“我思故我在”的命题出发，推出上帝的存在和外界物体的存在，重新确立心灵、上帝和物体的观念的可靠性。本书被看作近代西方哲学的奠基之作，直引发了欧洲大陆的理性主义风潮，对后世影响深远。

这是“经典与解释”辑刊的第60辑，也是辑刊创办第20个年头的年辑。本辑论题再次围绕斯威夫特采编译文。斯威夫特以《格列佛游记》知名，但他的谜语文学和修辞术是目前西方学界研究的重，这些写作形式和修辞特征反映了他对自己作为知识人的身份，尤其是他对西方现代性的深刻认识。 另外收录的柏拉图研究《<克力同>中的守法与正义》，以及研究莎士比亚研究《<威尼斯商人>中的犹太人问题》，沿袭了“经典与解释”丛书细读经典文本的惯例。“思想史发微”收两篇经学研究文章，一篇讨论康乾时期官方在《春秋》的经史性质及夷夏观念上与胡安国《春秋传》的分歧，认为分歧背后实际上存在着清廷维护政治统治的考虑。另一篇讨论乾隆间所编经学书籍《御纂诗义折中》在立意上与康熙时期不同，其中体现出浓厚的“四书学”特色。  另“旧文新刊”收台湾学者程元敏的旧文《<尚书•周诰•梓材>篇义证》，以飨读者。

人应该从事什么事业，才能过好这一生？有人说应当追求智慧；也有人主张追求名利。谁提倡的生活更值得过？又应当以谁为师？要讲清楚其中的道理，恐非易事。 苏格拉底与智术师的思想纠葛，一直是人们津津乐道的思想史公案，苏格拉底本人就曾被误认为是败坏青年的智术师而被判刑。混淆二者给热爱智慧的人造成了不小的困扰——他们不知道谁提倡的生活才是真正值得过的生活。因此，重读柏拉图，对于分辨哲人与智术师极为必要。   柏拉图的《希琵阿斯》围绕哲人苏格拉底与智术师希琵阿斯之间的两场对话，不仅正面回答了上述问题，更邀请我们深思考：什么是“美的事业”；“美的事业”是否允许人说谎话。

本书注重深入挖掘儒家文化资源，加强儒学的研究与传播，从不同的角度拓展儒家思想的学术空间，提出诸多新思路、新见解，在推动中华优秀传统文化的传承与弘扬，切实发挥儒学在培育和践行社会主义核心价值观、打造道德高地，重新估价中国古代文明的高度与深度，坚定文化自信等方面，将发挥重要的作用。

《甘肃文化史》，伏俊琏、周奉真主编，是一部系统简明的甘肃文化史读本，梳理了我国甘肃省有代表性的地方文化史。全书据主题分为十三章：中华始祖文化、以彩陶为代表的史前文化、陇上周秦文化、甘肃古代民族文化、丝绸之路黄金段的文化交流和文明呈现、陇上长城与边塞文化、敦煌文化、甘肃石窟文化、甘肃写本文化、甘肃书法与绘画、甘肃文学简史、陇右思想与学术、甘肃黄河文化。

《自然语言的逻辑图像：斯特劳森形而上学思想研究》凭借对斯特劳森著作的全面考察，以“描述形而上学”这一主题为核心，对斯特劳森哲学行全方位的解读和透视，将斯特劳森的形而上学构想解读为对自然语言的逻辑图像的刻画，而完成了一种对斯特劳森形而上学思想的整体诠释和出色建构。通过解读与建构，明确显示了斯特劳森形而上学理论对亚里士多德和康德的形而上学思想的创造性整合，展示出描述形而上学作为一种理论范式的历史继承性、连续性和创造性。

本书是著名哲学家、易学大家余敦康先生关于易学的历史文化与易学的现代价值的门性读物。 《周易》的思想精髓与价值理想，《周易》在中国文化中的特殊功能，《周易》与中国传统文化的关系，《周易》与中国政治文化、伦理思想的关系，这些易学中的根本性问题唯有在本书作者这样的大家处理起来才举重若轻。 书中关于易学对于今天每一个现代人的生活智慧、易学的管理思想的精到讨论，也使易学本身的日用性得以道破；书中对易学史的脉络以及现代中国哲学家对易道的探索的梳理，则凸显了历史的厚重与延续。

生活日常的疑难，就是哲学的问题。哲学始于对世界的惊奇，是培养孩子思辨精神和能力的一把钥匙。这是一本面向青少年读者的哲学普及读物，重在于探讨自我和终极的问题。全书共分成十二篇章，每一篇章均是涉及社会重要价值的哲学课题。本书将带领孩子们深十二道探索自我，讨论人生观、世界观的哲学课题，认识中西著名哲人的学说论，来一场哲学思辨。让孩子们在成长的路上，多一分思辨的能力，多一份实践的力量。

第三十三辑是世界哲学大会专题。由陈鼓应先生主编，北京大学哲学系张广保、杨浩教授负责组稿，北京大学道家研究中心、《道家文化研究》编辑部集体审稿，作者群覆盖范围较广，学术水平有所保障。书稿在三十万字以内。

科学与伦理问题不仅是科学伦理学、科学哲学等学科中的一个重大理论问题，而且对于科学和技术政策的制定，对于科学家遵守科学研究的道德规范，对于端正社会对科学的态度，具有切实的现实意义。本书作者在研读大量中外文献的基础上，经过缜密的思考，紧紧围绕科学与伦理这个中心，针对其中包含的主要议题，诸如科学的善恶、科学与伦理的关系、科学家对社会的道德责任、科学与军事以及科学家与军事研究、科学和科学家与政治、科学家的科学良心、爱因斯坦的伦理思想和道德实践及做人楷模，以及基因和人工智能技性科学中的伦理问题与道德争端、中国学界的学术不端行为和整饬之道等行了比较全面、深的剖析和探讨，并且针对一些紧迫的、敏感的现实问题提出了自己独到的见解和具有启发性的看法，可谓“科学与人文珠联璧合，学术共思想相得益彰”。本书资料翔实，观新颖，逻辑严谨，结构合理，文字流畅、优美，雅俗共赏，适合于不同层次的读者阅读或深究。

本丛书以王志民教授主持承担的山东省齐文化传承创新示范区建设重大工程项目为基础。丛书的定位为弘扬优秀传统文化的普及性通俗性读物，由名家、大家写小书，通俗易懂，融知识性、趣味性、大众性和普及性于一体，既适合国内大众阅读欣赏，又适合向海外翻译推介，传播弘扬优秀的中国传统文化。丛书共设计10本，分别是儒家、道家、墨家、法家、阴阳家、名家、纵横家、杂家、小说家、农家。该丛书由王志民教授担任主编。